Serial Determinations of Human Placental Lactogen in the Management of Diabetic Pregnancy

Soler, Norman G.; Nicholson, H. Oliphant; Malins, J. M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90496-1

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For example, despite strong support for the role of PRL in promoting insulin secretion in pregnancy, several studies show that high levels of PRL are associated with insulin resistance and/or hyperglycaemia, beta cell dysfunction and risk of GDM [ 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 ]. The effect of hPL on GDM is still not well-established, although higher hPL is associated with pre-gestational diabetes [ 97 ] and reported in amniotic fluid [ 98 ] as well as maternal blood from women with GDM [ 99 , 100 ]. GH2 is mostly not associated with GDM, although one study showed increased placental GH2 mRNA in pregnancies affected by GDM [ 101 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Maternal Folate Status and Changes in Maternal Prolactin, Placental Lactogen and Placental Growth Hormone Following Folic Acid Food Fortification: Evidence from Two Prospective Pregnancy Cohorts

et al. 2023

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Folic acid (FA) food fortification in Australia has resulted in a higher-than-expected intake of FA during pregnancy. High FA intake is associated with increased insulin resistance and gestational diabetes. We aimed to establish whether maternal one-carbon metabolism and hormones that regulate glucose homeostasis change in healthy pregnancies post-FA food fortification. Circulating folate, B12, homocysteine, prolactin (PRL), human placental lactogen (hPL) and placental growth hormone (GH2) were measured in early pregnancy maternal blood in women with uncomplicated pregnancies prior to (SCOPE: N = 604) and post (STOP: N = 711)-FA food fortification. FA food fortification resulted in 63% higher maternal folate. STOP women had lower hPL (33%) and GH2 (43%) after 10 weeks of gestation, but they had higher PRL (29%) and hPL (28%) after 16 weeks. FA supplementation during pregnancy increased maternal folate and reduced homocysteine but only in the SCOPE group, and it was associated with 54% higher PRL in SCOPE but 28% lower PRL in STOP. FA food fortification increased maternal folate status, but supplements no longer had an effect, thereby calling into question their utility. An altered secretion of hormones that regulate glucose homeostasis in pregnancy could place women post-fortification at an increased risk of insulin resistance and gestational diabetes, particularly for older women and those with obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Maternal Folate Status and Changes in Maternal Prolactin, Placental Lactogen and Placental Growth Hormone Following Folic Acid Food Fortification: Evidence from Two Prospective Pregnancy Cohorts

et al. 2023

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“…In contrast, different studies have found significant discrepancies in PL levels between patients with diabetes (detailed information about clinical characteristics- Table 1) and controls, suggesting that diabetic pregnancy could promote increased PL secretion [65][66][67]. More surprisingly, Botta et al have consistently found significantly lower PL levels throughout pregnancy in patients with diabetes (White's class B-C), compared with controls.…”

Section: Placental Lactogen Concentrations Throughout Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The situation in patients with pre-pregnancy diabetes looks different. We could speculate that worse glycemic control in patients with pregestational diabetes is associated with increased PL concentrations in maternal blood [61,65]. Abbreviations: A1GDM-gestational diabetes controlled by diet and exercise, A2GDM-gestational diabetes treated with medication, GDM-gestational diabetes mellitus, PL-placental lactogen, and T1D-type 1 diabetes.…”

Section: Placental Lactogen Concentrations Throughout Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placental Lactogen as a Marker of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes, and Fetal Growth Abnormalities: Current Knowledge and Clinical Perspectives

Sibiak

Jankowski

Gutaj

et al. 2020

JCM

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Placental lactogen (PL) is a peptide hormone secreted throughout pregnancy by both animal and human specialized endocrine cells. PL plays an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells, stimulating their proliferation and promoting the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Cases of pregnancy affected by metabolic conditions, including obesity and diabetes, are related to alterations in the PL secretion pattern. Whereas obesity is most often associated with lower PL serum concentrations, diabetes results in increased PL blood levels. Disruptions in PL secretion are thought to be associated with an increased prevalence of gestational complications, such as placental dysfunction, diabetic retinopathy, and abnormalities in fetal growth. PL is believed to be positively correlated with birth weight. The impaired regulation of PL secretion could contribute to an increased incidence of both growth retardation and fetal macrosomia. Moreover, the dysregulation of PL production during the intrauterine period could affect the metabolic status in adulthood. PL concentration measurement could be useful in the prediction of fetal macrosomia in women with normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results or in evaluating the risk of fetal growth restriction, but its application in standard clinical practice seems to be limited in the era of ultrasonography.

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“…Diabetes mellitus is associated with a large placenta, and it is therefore not surprising that hPL is generally elevated in this condition M.Cohen et al, 1973;Ursell et al, 1973;Soler et al, 1975;Hertogh et al, 1976;Larinkari et al, 1982;Pledger et al, 1982) (Figure 5.11).…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones of the Placenta: hCG and hPL

Butt¹,

Chard²,

Iles³

1994

Marshall’s Physiology of Reproduction

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Serial Determinations of Human Placental Lactogen in the Management of Diabetic Pregnancy

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Elevated Maternal Folate Status and Changes in Maternal Prolactin, Placental Lactogen and Placental Growth Hormone Following Folic Acid Food Fortification: Evidence from Two Prospective Pregnancy Cohorts

Elevated Maternal Folate Status and Changes in Maternal Prolactin, Placental Lactogen and Placental Growth Hormone Following Folic Acid Food Fortification: Evidence from Two Prospective Pregnancy Cohorts

Placental Lactogen as a Marker of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes, and Fetal Growth Abnormalities: Current Knowledge and Clinical Perspectives

Hormones of the Placenta: hCG and hPL

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