Sequential studies on cell‐mediated tumor immunity and blocking serum activity in ten patients with malignant melanoma

Hellström, Ingegerd; Warner, Glenn A.; Hellström, Karl Erik; Sjögren, Hans

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910110206

Cited by 131 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hellstrom et al (6) reported the presence of blocking factor in sera of patients suffering from malignant tumors and showed that the factor was a specific antibody against tumor cells. They postulated that specific antibody bound to a tumor cell, masked tumor-specific antigen(s) and protected the tumor cell from destruction by immune lymphocytes.…”

Section: Blast Cell Transformation Of Lymphocytes By Mini-cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopotentiating Activity of Whole Cells and Mini‐Cells of Salmonella typhimurium

Kurashige

Yoshida

Kodama

et al. 1981

Microbiology and Immunology

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Salmonella typhimurium strain 9 produces mini-cells during cell proliferation. Mini-cells are viable but cannot proliferate since they do not contain chromosomal DNA. Effects of whole cells and mini-cells of S. typhimurium on the immune responses were investigated, with the following results. Phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages was enhanced by in vivo stimulation of both whole cells and mini-cells. Cellular immunity against L 1210 cells (mouse leukemia cells) and Sarcoma 180 cells was also enhanced by both whole cells and mini-cells. Mini-cells slightly stimulated in vitro blast cell transformation of normal mouse lymphocytes. Whole cells of S. typhimurium induced antibody-forming cells to produce IgG of higher affinity but mini-cells did not. Mini-cells were not directly cytotoxic for normal lymphocytes or L 1210 cells.

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Section: Blast Cell Transformation Of Lymphocytes By Mini-cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopotentiating Activity of Whole Cells and Mini‐Cells of Salmonella typhimurium

Kurashige

Yoshida

Kodama

et al. 1981

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Other workers studying cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to melanoma have claimed correlations between increased CMI and good prognosis or BCG treatment (Reithmuller et al, 1975;Spitler et al, 1976;Lieberman et al, 1975;Bodurtha et al, 1976). In some cases, patients with recurrent tumour have been shown to have increased serum blocking or inhibitory factors, interfering with CMI, than tumour-free patients (Hellstrom et al, 1973;Heppner et al, 1973;Currie and McElwain, 1975). The reasons for inadequacy of the tests for tumour immunity in the present study could possibly stem from the use of a single target-cell line or tumour extract with allogeneic patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Similar inhibition of PHA lymphocyte stimulation by autologous serum has been reported by Amlot and Unger (1976) in patients with Hodgkins's disease, and in this case the inhibitory effect resided in a PHA-binding macromolecular serum fraction. The relationship between the serum inhibitory factor responsible for suppression of PHA stimulation and blocking factors which interfere with tumour-directed CMI (Hellstrom et al, 1973;Heppner et al, 1973) …”

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confidence: 99%

Immunological monitoring in a controlled trial of immunotherapy in stage IIB malignant melanoma

Embleton¹,

Ransom²,

McIllmurray³

et al. 1978

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Fifteen patients undergoing surgery for Stage IIb malignant melanoma were randomly allocated either to a group who received a vaccine of BCG mixed with irradiated autologous melanoma cells, or a control group who received no further treatment. All patients were monitored sequentially for immunological competence and tumour-directed immunity, using a wide range of techniques, and the results were compared retrospectively with their clinical course.Three months after surgery, there was a trend towards inhibition of PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation by autologous serum in patients who developed recurrent tumour within 12 months after treatment. Serum from patients who remained tumour-free for 12 months did not inhibit stimulation of autologous lymphocytes by PHA. Apart from this test, no other immunological parameters correlated either with clinical course or with the type of treatment received.

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“…The immtunological response to human melanoma has been well-studied by several investigators (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), and some of the earliest attempts to utilize active immunotherapy as a mode of treatment in man were in this disease (14). Indeed, the regression of intradermal nodules in one-half the patients who received Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) intralesionally (14), as well as the spontaneous regressions occasionally observed in the untreated disease, have strongly suggested that melanoma epitomizes those tumors that potentially might be rejected by an immunocompetent host.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on tumor-specific immunity in melanoma.

Mitchell¹,

Mokyr²,

Davis³

1977

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The effects of chemotherapy, with nitrosoureas or dimethyl-triazeno-imidazole-carboxamide (DTIC), or immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), on cell-mediated immunity (CMI), and serum blocking factor (BF) to melanoma cells were studied in 23 patients. Studies were performed with autologous or allogenic melanoma target cells obtained from recent biopsy, in 16 mm diameter plastic wells. Assays for lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and BF were performed at weekly intervals over the course of3-4 mo, with some studies extending beyond 3 yr. The specificity of cytotoxicity was good with these methods. Nine patients given nitrosoureas, predominantly methyl-chloroethyl-cyclohexylnitrosourea, showed a transient decline in CMI from 42.2 to 14% 3 wk after administration of a single dose of the agent, with a rapid recovery within 1 wk. 10 patients given 5-day courses of DTIC at 3-wk intervals showed no decline in CMI after two courses, and 7 of the 10 had no decline even after three courses. Three of the four patients who achieved a remission lost BF previously present; BF reappeared in both patients studied during a subsequent relapse. BCG intradermally or intralesionally elevated CMI within 2 mo after initiation of therapy, but despite continuation of the injections CMI returned to base line in all but two of the nine patients studied. These results indicate that chemotherapy for melanoma with nitrosoureas

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Sequential studies on cell‐mediated tumor immunity and blocking serum activity in ten patients with malignant melanoma

Abstract: Ten human patients with malignant melanoma were followed with respect to two in vitro parameters of tumor immunity, the ability of the patients ' blood

Cited by 131 publications

References 33 publications

Immunopotentiating Activity of Whole Cells and Mini‐Cells of Salmonella typhimurium

Immunopotentiating Activity of Whole Cells and Mini‐Cells of Salmonella typhimurium

Immunological monitoring in a controlled trial of immunotherapy in stage IIB malignant melanoma

Effect of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on tumor-specific immunity in melanoma.

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