Sequential Sampling Models Without Random Between-Trial Variability: The Racing Diffusion Model of Speeded Decision

Tillman, Gabriel

doi:10.31234/osf.io/xuwbk

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Lastly, the t 0 parameter seems to break the “rule” suggested by the previous two trends, showing posteriors that are about as wide, if not wider, than the parameters generated with 0 correlation, despite t 0 being generated with a non‐zero correlation (0.2). Since the t 0 parameter is not tightly constrained in the LBA, as opposed to the diffusion model where t 0 must take a value very close to the minimum time of the response time distribution, this poorer recovery may make some sense (Tillman & Logan, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Covariance Structure of Complex Datasets Using Cognitive Models: An Application to Individual Differences and the Heritability of Cognitive Ability

Evans¹,

Steyvers

Brown³

2018

Cognitive Science

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Understanding individual differences in cognitive performance is an important part of understanding how variations in underlying cognitive processes can result in variations in task performance. However, the exploration of individual differences in the components of the decision process-such as cognitive processing speed, response caution, and motor execution speed-in previous research has been limited. Here, we assess the heritability of the components of the decision process, with heritability having been a common aspect of individual differences research within other areas of cognition. Importantly, a limitation of previous work on cognitive heritability is the underlying assumption that variability in response times solely reflects variability in the speed of cognitive processing. This assumption has been problematic in other domains, due to the confounding effects of caution and motor execution speed on observed response times. We extend a cognitive model of decision-making to account for relatedness structure in a twin study paradigm. This approach can separately quantify different contributions to the heritability of response time. Using data from the Human Connectome Project, we find strong evidence for the heritability of response caution, and more ambiguous evidence for the heritability of cognitive processing speed and motor execution speed. Our study suggests that the assumption made in previous studies-that the heritability of cognitive ability is based on cognitive processing speed-may be incorrect. More generally, our methodology provides a useful avenue for future research in complex data that aims to analyze cognitive traits across different sources of related data, whether the relation is between people, tasks, experimental phases, or methods of measurement.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Covariance Structure of Complex Datasets Using Cognitive Models: An Application to Individual Differences and the Heritability of Cognitive Ability

Evans¹,

Steyvers

Brown³

2018

Cognitive Science

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“…Our most basic model was a stochastic di↵usion process with only a drift rate for each alternative, a threshold level of evidence, a random uniform distribution of starting evidence, and some time dedicated to non-decision processes 1 . This is commonly known as the "racing di↵usion model" (Tillman & Logan, 2017), where the continuous evidence accumulation for alternative i can be formally written as:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double responding: A new constraint for models of speeded decision making

Evans

Dutilh

Wagenmakers

et al. 2020

Cognitive Psychology

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Evidence accumulation models (EAMs) have become the dominant models of speeded decision making, which are able to decompose choices and response times into cognitive parameters that drive the decision process. Several models within the EAM framework contain fundamentally di↵erent ideas of how the decision making process operates, though previous assessments have found that these models display a high level of mimicry, which has hindered the ability of researchers to contrast these di↵erent theoretical viewpoints.Our study introduces a neglected phenomenon that we term "double responding", which can help to further constrain these models. We show that double responding produces several interesting benchmarks, and that the predictions of di↵erent EAMs can be distinguished in standard experiment paradigms when they are constrained to account for the choice response time distributions and double responding behaviour in unison. Our findings suggest that lateral inhibition (e.g., the leaky-competing accumulator) provides models with a universal ability to make accurate predictions for these data. Furthermore, only models containing feed-forward inhibition (e.g., the di↵usion model) performed poorly under both of our proposed extensions of the standard EAM framework to double responding, suggesting a general inability of feed-forward inhibition to accurately predict these data.We believe that our study provides an important step forward in further constraining models of speeded decision making, though additional research on double responding is required before broad conclusions are made about which models provide the best explanation of the underlying decision-making process.

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Gaze bias differences capture individual choice behaviour

et al. 2019

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Sequential Sampling Models Without Random Between-Trial Variability: The Racing Diffusion Model of Speeded Decision

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Modeling the Covariance Structure of Complex Datasets Using Cognitive Models: An Application to Individual Differences and the Heritability of Cognitive Ability

Modeling the Covariance Structure of Complex Datasets Using Cognitive Models: An Application to Individual Differences and the Heritability of Cognitive Ability

Double responding: A new constraint for models of speeded decision making

Gaze bias differences capture individual choice behaviour

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