Sequence variability and function of measles virus 3′ and 5′ ends and intercistronic regions

Crowley, Joan C.; Dowling, Peter C.; Menonna, Joseph; Silverman, Joel I.; Schuback, Deborah E.; Cook, Stuart D.; Blumberg, Benjamin M.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(88)90564-8

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The G protein is likely to be the virus attachment protein, but little is known about the probable functions of the SH and 22K proteins, although in the case of RSV both are minor components of the virus envelope (Collins et al, 1990b;Huang et al, 1984). Genes encoding SH proteins have been observed in simian virus 5 (Hiebert et al, 1985) and mumps virus (Elango et al, 1989), but not in other parainfluenza viruses, such as Sendai virus (Shioda et al, 1986), or morbilliviruses (Crowley et al, 1988). In the case of mumps virus no protein product has been observed although the gene is transcribed in infected cells (Takeuchi et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis of the 22K, SH and G genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus and their intergenic regions reveals a gene order different from that of other pneumoviruses

Ling

Easton²,

Pringle³

1992

Journal of General Virology

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The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of three genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus (TRTV) together with the nucleotide sequences of the relevant intergenic regions were determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of one of the genes shows significant identity (42 %) to that of the 22K protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The TRTV 22K gene, like that of RSV, has a second open reading frame, although the amino acid sequence deduced from this reading frame does not show any similarity to the equivalent predicted RSV protein. The other two genes and their deduced amino acid sequences do not show any sequence similarity to the genes of other pneumoviruses. However, the hydrophobicity profiles of the predicted proteins do show similarities to those of the small hydrophobic (SH) and attachment protein (G) genes of RSV. The TRTV G gene is 1193 nucleotides in length and encodes a protein of 391 amino acids (M~ 42 984), which is rather larger than the RSV G protein (predicted M~ 36000). The TRTV SH gene is 589 nucleotides in length, encoding a protein of 174 amino acids (M~ 18 797), which is considerably larger than the size of the RSV SH protein (Mr 7500). The sequences of the intergenic regions derived from clones of polycistronic mRNAs and polymerase chain reaction products obtained with primers from different genes reveal the order on the virus genome to be 3' F-22K-SH-G 5'. This differs from the gene order of paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses, which lack a 22K gene (and in some cases a SH gene), and the pneumoviruses RSV and pneumonia virus of mice, which have the F and 22K genes located after the G gene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis of the 22K, SH and G genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus and their intergenic regions reveals a gene order different from that of other pneumoviruses

Ling

Easton²,

Pringle³

1992

Journal of General Virology

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“…Three other viruses in Paramyxovirinae that have G residue at the 5′ end of their mRNAs are Menangle, Tioman and APMV-6 . The APMV-2 strain Yucaipa IGS vary in length between 3 and 23 nt (Table 1b), whereas the IGS of other members of Paramyxovirinae are up to 45 nt in length , and they all end with an A residue (Table 1b), as observed in many paramyxoviruses (Collins et al, 1986;Crowley et al, 1988;Kawano et al, 1991;Chang et al, 2001), but otherwise there were no evident conserved IGS sequence motifs. The hexamer phasing positions of the gene start sequences of APMV-2 strain Yucaipa are 2, 2, 2, 3, 3 and 3 (Table 1), which are different from those of the viruses within the genus Avulavirus namely, APMV-1 (2, 4, 3, 3, 2 and 5) and APMV-6 (2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 4 and 4) (Kolakofsky et al, 1998), while all the members of a particular genus within the family share the same pattern of hexamer phasing positions .…”

Section: Sequences Of Transcription Gene-start Gene-end and Intergementioning

confidence: 99%

Complete sequence of the genome of avian paramyxovirus type 2 (strain Yucaipa) and comparison with other paramyxoviruses

et al. 2008

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The complete RNA genome sequence of avian paramyxovirus (APMV) serotype 2, strain Yucaipa isolated from chicken has been determined. With genome size of 14,904 nucleotides (nt), strain Yucaipa is consistent with the "rule of six" and is the smallest virus reported to date among the members of subfamily Paramyxovirinae. The genome contains six non-overlapping genes in the order 3′-N-P/V-M-F-HN-L-5′. The genes are flanked on either side by highly-conserved transcription start and stop signals and have intergenic sequences varying in length from 3 to 23 nt. The genome contains a 55 nt leader sequence at 3′ end and a 154 nt trailer sequence at 5′ end. Alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences of strain Yucaipa proteins with the cognate proteins of viruses of all of the five genera of family Paramyxoviridae showed that APMV-2 strain Yucaipa is more closely related to APMV-6 than APMV-1.

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“…The genes are arranged in the order of 3 0 N-P/C/V-M-F-H-L 5 0 [6,46] and separated by inter-genic region [46] and the nucleotides follows the ''rule-of-six'' [19]. It is divided into six transcriptional units encoding two non-structural proteins (V, C) and six structural proteins: the surface glycoproteins which include fusion (F) and Haemagglutinin (H) proteins, the matrix protein (M), the nucleoprotein (N), and the phosphoprotein (P) which forms the polymerase complex in association with large (L) protein [36,42,61,129]. The PPRV is genetically grouped into four lineages (I, II, III, and IV) based on the F and N gene sequences analyses [14,39,70,128].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review

Balamurugan¹,

Hemadri²,

Gajendragad³

et al. 2013

VirusDis.

131

118

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious, world organization for animal health (OIE) notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats associated with high morbidity and mortality and caused by PPR virus. PPR is considered as one of the main constraints in augmenting the productivity of small ruminants in developing countries and particularly severely affects poor farmer's economy. The disease is clinically manifested by pyrexia, oculo-nasal discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea and bronchopneumonia. The disease can be diagnosed from its clinical signs, pathological lesions, and specific detection of virus antigen/antibodies/genome in the clinical samples by various serological tests and molecular assays. PPR is the one of the priority animal diseases whose control is considered important for poverty alleviation in enzootic countries. Availability of effective and safe live attenuated cell culture PPR vaccines and diagnostics have boosted the recently launched centrally sponsored control programme in India and also in other countries. This review article primarily focus on the current scenario of PPR diagnosis and its control programme with advancement of research areas that have taken place in the recent years with future perspectives.

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Sequence variability and function of measles virus 3′ and 5′ ends and intercistronic regions

Cited by 68 publications

References 39 publications

Sequence analysis of the 22K, SH and G genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus and their intergenic regions reveals a gene order different from that of other pneumoviruses

Sequence analysis of the 22K, SH and G genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus and their intergenic regions reveals a gene order different from that of other pneumoviruses

Complete sequence of the genome of avian paramyxovirus type 2 (strain Yucaipa) and comparison with other paramyxoviruses

Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants: a comprehensive review

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