Sequence, Organization, and Transcription of theDlx-1andDlx-2Locus

McGuinness, Teresa L.; Porteus, Matthew H.; Smiga, Susan; Bulfone, Alessandro; Kingsley, Chris; Qiu, Mengsheng; Liu, Jen Kuei; Long, Jason E.; Xu, Danwen; Rubenstein, John L.R.

doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0387

Cited by 77 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this genomic region, an additional level of complexity is given by a sequence antisense to Dlx6 (AF022078; Liu et al, 1997), localized in the intron of AK032537 (a similar antisense sequence was also found for Dlx1; McGuinness et al, 1996). The functional significance of this transcript is unknown, although a possible role might be Dlx6 transcriptional inhibition in the SVZ, where the antisense sequence is strongly expressed (Liu et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Identification and characterization of a novel transcript down‐regulated in Dlx1/Dlx2 and up‐regulated in Pax6 mutant telencephalon

Faedo¹,

Quinn

Stoney

et al. 2004

Developmental Dynamics

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By using a custom-made array containing cDNAs preferentially expressed in the mouse embryonic telencephalon (Porteus et al. [1992] Brain Res Mol Brain Res 12:7-22; and Alessandro Bulfone, unpublished data), we studied the gene expression profile of the Dlx1/Dlx2 -/-subpallium and Pax6 -/-pallium. We identified a transcript corresponding to Unigene Cluster Mm.94021 and rat Evf-1, which is down-regulated in the Dlx1/Dlx2 -/-subpallium and up-regulated in the Pax6 -/-pallium. Here, we report the expression pattern of this transcript, designated mouse Evf1 (mEvf1), in the prenatal forebrain of wild-type, Dlx1/Dlx2 -/-and Pax6 -/-mice using RNA in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. In the wild-type forebrain mEvf1 expression is restricted to the ventral thalamus, hypothalamus, and subpallial telencephalon (caudal, lateral, and medial ganglionic eminences and septal primordia), whereas it is down-regulated in the Dlx1/Dlx2 -/-subpallium (mainly in caudal, lateral, and medial ganglionic eminences), and up-regulated in the Pax6 -/-lateral and ventral pallium at embryonic day 12.5 and in the dorsal, lateral, and ventral pallium at embryonic day 14.5. Developmental Dynamics 231:614 -620, 2004.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Identification and characterization of a novel transcript down‐regulated in Dlx1/Dlx2 and up‐regulated in Pax6 mutant telencephalon

Faedo¹,

Quinn

Stoney

et al. 2004

Developmental Dynamics

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“…Several of the Dlx genes produce multiple transcripts, due either to alternative transcription initiation (e.g., Dlx1) [33] or to alternative splicing (e.g., Dlx5) [34]. Human DLX4 and two other isoforms of this gene, DLX7 and BP1, have been identified [21,22,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of β protein 1 expression enhances β-globin promoter activity and β-globin mRNA levels in the human erythroleukemia (K562) cell line

Zoueva¹,

Rodgers²

2004

Experimental Hematology

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Expression of globin genes within the β-globin cluster is regulated to produce different hemoglobin β chains during the embryonic (ε), fetal (γ), and adult (β) stages of erythroid cell development. Each distinct hemoglobin tetramer exhibits a different affinity for oxygen, resulting in optimal O 2 / CO 2 exchange between the developing fetus and mother. Thus, developmentally appropriate transcriptional activation of each different β chain is essential. This is achieved by the binding of transcriptional activator proteins to the successive β-chain promoters; the locus control region (LCR), consisting of five DNase I-hypersensitive sites (HS1-5) located from 8 to 22 kbp 5′ to the ε-globin gene, also Offprint requests to:

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“…3E-G). An RNA antisense to Dlx1 has been previously detected in the developing forebrain, most strongly in the subventricular zone, with similar expression to Dlx1 (McGuinness et al 1996;Liu et al 1997). Intriguingly, the highly conserved element corresponding to the Dlx1as promoter has been shown to drive reporter gene expression in the mouse embryo, especially in the brachial arches where Dlx genes have complex complementary and overlapping patterns of expression (Park et al 2004).…”

Section: Genome Research 1437mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long noncoding RNAs in mouse embryonic stem cell pluripotency and differentiation

Dinger¹,

Amaral²,

Mercer³

et al. 2008

Genome Res.

704

588

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The transcriptional networks that regulate embryonic stem (ES) cell pluripotency and lineage specification are the subject of considerable attention. To date such studies have focused almost exclusively on protein-coding transcripts. However, recent transcriptome analyses show that the mammalian genome contains thousands of long noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), many of which appear to be expressed in a developmentally regulated manner. The functions of these remain untested. To identify ncRNAs involved in ES cell biology, we used a custom-designed microarray to examine the expression profiles of mouse ES cells differentiating as embryoid bodies (EBs) over a 16-d time course. We identified 945 ncRNAs expressed during EB differentiation, of which 174 were differentially expressed, many correlating with pluripotency or specific differentiation events. Candidate ncRNAs were identified for further characterization by an integrated examination of expression profiles, genomic context, chromatin state, and promoter analysis. Many ncRNAs showed coordinated expression with genomically associated developmental genes, such as Dlx1, Dlx4, Gata6, and Ecsit. We examined two novel developmentally regulated ncRNAs, Evx1as and Hoxb5/6as, which are derived from homeotic loci and share similar expression patterns and localization in mouse embryos with their associated protein-coding genes. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we provide evidence that both ncRNAs are associated with trimethylated H3K4 histones and histone methyltransferase MLL1, suggesting a role in epigenetic regulation of homeotic loci during ES cell differentiation. Taken together, our data indicate that long ncRNAs are likely to be important in processes directing pluripotency and alternative differentiation programs, in some cases through engagement of the epigenetic machinery.

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Sequence, Organization, and Transcription of theDlx-1andDlx-2Locus

Cited by 77 publications

References 4 publications

Identification and characterization of a novel transcript down‐regulated in Dlx1/Dlx2 and up‐regulated in Pax6 mutant telencephalon

Identification and characterization of a novel transcript down‐regulated in Dlx1/Dlx2 and up‐regulated in Pax6 mutant telencephalon

Inhibition of β protein 1 expression enhances β-globin promoter activity and β-globin mRNA levels in the human erythroleukemia (K562) cell line

Long noncoding RNAs in mouse embryonic stem cell pluripotency and differentiation

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