Sequence of promoter for coat protein gene of bacteriophage fd

Abstract

The nucleotide sequence in the promoter region for the coat protein gene of phage fd has been determined. This sequence contains an endonuclease R-Hha cleavage site at the fifteenth nucleotide upstream from the RNA start site. Cleavage results in loss of promoter function. Comparison with the sequence of another fd promoter indicates that the longest sequence common to both was TATAAT in the region in which RNA polymerase forms a stable initiation complex.

Nucleotide sequence around the replication origin of polyoma virus DNA

“…The procedure depends on base specific but partial cleavage of labelled fragments and separation of the resulting fragments on electrophoresis in a denaturation gel of polyacrylamide. HaplI, 5'-CCGG-3' [8]. In the autoradiogram ( fig.2a) the terminal C does not appear because it ran off the gel.…”

“…HaplI endonuclease has the same recognition site as that of the HpalI enzyme [8] and cuts the polyoma DNA into eight discrete fragments ( fig. 1A), giving the same cleavage pattern as the DNA from the A3 strain [2,3].…”

Cloning and complete nucleotide sequence of human 5'-alpha-globin gene.

“…5). The internal six bases of this sequence match with a stretch 37 functional constraints have limited sequence divergence of this area in eukaryotes is yet to be determined.…”

Mutations reducing the activity of c17, a promoter of phage lambda formed by a tandem duplication.

“…In the scs mutations, decreased promoter activity correlates with a reduction in similarity of the heptamer sequence to that of the general Pribnow Box sequence. Comparison of the known Pribnow Box sequences shows (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) that the scs mutations are located in the most highly conserved sequences of the heptamer; there is always an A-T base pair (A in the nontemplate strand) at position 2 and a T-A base pair (T in the nontemplate strand) (Fig. 2) Two obvious explanations for the effect of mutations that reduce promoter activity are that (i) the specific sequence for RNA polymerase recognition or binding or both is altered or (ii) the ability of the heptamer to "melt out" is reduced.…”

“…The formation of these complexes protects about 40 base pairs of DNA from digestion by DNase I, including the initiation point for mRNA synthesis (2). DNA sequence analysis of the protected promoter fragments from several sources (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) revealed a common sequence of seven base pairs that is located five to six base pairs upstream from the initiation site for transcription. This heptamer sequence, described by Pribnow (7,8) to be of the general form…”