Sequence-identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia

Fathi, Naeimeh; Mohammadi, Rasoul; Tabatabaiefar, Mohammad Amin; Ghahri, Mohammad; Sadrossadati, Seyedeh Zahra

doi:10.4103/2277-9175.188485

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition to many reports concerning the binding of human HPG and HK by the cell wall proteins of the most important fungal human pathogen, Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout (Crowe et al, 2003;Karkowska-Kuleta et al, 2011;Marín et al, 2015), still relatively little is known about this phenomenon in other emerging pathogens from the Candida genus -the so-called "non-albicans" Candida species. One of them is C. parapsilosis (Ashford) Langeron et Talice, which has been recognized as a commensal strain widely distributed in the environment and colonizing human skin and nails (Bonassoli et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2011); however, currently C. parapsilosis is frequently reported to be the third or even the second, right after C. albicans, causative agent of invasive candidiases in humans (Trofa et al, 2008;Pfaller et al, 2014;Fathi et al, 2016;Yılmaz et al, 2016). C. parapsilosis is often isolated from hands of the health personnel and from environmental surfaces in hospitals (Sanchez et al, 1993;Sabino et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of human plasminogen and high-molecular-mass kininogen by cell surface-exposed proteins of Candida parapsilosis

et al. 2017

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Pathogenic microbes can recruit to their cell surface human proteins that are components of important proteolytic cascades involved in coagulation, fibrinolysis and innate immune response. Once located at the bacterial or fungal surface, such deployed proteins might be utilized by pathogens to facilitate invasion and dissemination within the host organism by interfering with functionality of these systems or by exploiting specific activity of the bound enzymes. Aim of the study presented here was to characterize this phenomenon in Candida parapsilosis (Ashford) Langeron et Talice - an important causative agent of systemic fungal infections (candidiases and candidemias) in humans. We have investigated the interactions of fungal surface-exposed proteins with plasminogen (HPG) and high-molecular-mass kininogen (HK) - the crucial components of human fibrinolytic system and proinflammatory/procoagulant contact-activated kinin-forming system, respectively. After confirming ability of the fungal surface-exposed proteins to bind HPG and HK, four of them - two agglutinin-like sequence (Als) proteins CPAR2_404780 and CPAR2_404800, a heat shock protein Ssa2 and a moonlighting protein 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 1 - were purified using ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration and chromatofocusing. Then, their affinities to HPG and HK were characterized with surface plasmon resonance measurements. The determined dissociation constants for the investigated protein-protein complexes were within a 10 M order for the HPG binding and in a range of 10-10 M for the HK binding. Detailed characterization of adsorption of these two important plasma proteins on the fungal cell surface may help to increase our understanding of molecular mechanisms of C. parapsilosis-dependent candidiasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of human plasminogen and high-molecular-mass kininogen by cell surface-exposed proteins of Candida parapsilosis

et al. 2017

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“…In contrast, genotypic assays that are mostly DNA-based approaches are more accurate and less vulnerable to variations due to growth condition and phenotypic switching. Among the various molecular techniques, the best known methods include specific primers in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multiplex PCR [ 13 ], specific probes for each species [ 14 ], PCR-restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) [ 15 ], sequencing of specific regions of genome [ 16 ], real-time PCR [ 17 ], and PCR-fragment size polymorphism (PCR-FSP) [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison between CHROMagar, PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP for identification of Candida species

et al. 2017

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Background and Purpose:The epidemiological alteration in the distribution of Candida species, as well as the significantly increasing trend of either intrinsic or acquired resistance of some of these fungi highlights the need for a reliable method for the identification of the species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the methods facilitating the quick and precise identification of Candida species. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of CHROMagar, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and PCR-fragment size polymorphism (PCR-FSP) assays in the identification of Candida species to determine the benefits and limitations of these methods.Materials and Methods:This study was conducted on 107 Candida strains, including 20 standard strains and 87 clinical isolates. The identification of the isolates was accomplished by using CHROMagar as a conventional method. The PCR-RFLP assay was performed on the entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and the consequent enzymatic digestion was compared with PCR-FSP results in which ITS1 and ITS2 regions were separately PCR amplified. In both molecular assays, yeast identification was carried out through the specific electrophoretic profiles of the PCR products.Results:According to the results, the utilization of CHROMagar resulted in the identification of 29 (33.3%) Candida isolates, while the PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP facilitated the identification of 83 (95.4%) and 80 (91.9%) clinical isolates, respectively. The obtained concordances between CHROMagar and PCR-RFLP, between CHROMagar and PCR-FSP, as well as between PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP were 0.23, 0.20, and 0.77, respectively.Conclusion:The recognition of the benefits and limitations of PCR methods allows for the selection of the most efficient technique for a fast and correct differentiation. The PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP assays had satisfactory concordance. The PCR-FSP provides a rapid, technically simple, and cost-effective method for the identification of Candida species. Nevertheless, to accurately differentiate among the taxonomically related species, PCR-RFLP should be implemented.

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“…5 Despite the successful clinical application of CAS, there remains a concern regarding the emergence of drug-resistant species as a result of the extensive use of this antifungal agent. 1 In general, CAS therapy is a successful approach against most Candida spp. However, there are also reports regarding the poor clinical response of this agent to Candida parapsilosis and its sibling species, namely Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growing incidence of invasive candidiasis (IC) has become one of the serious concerns, especially owing to the morbidity and mortality of this infection in immunocompromised individuals. 1 This is partly due to the limitation of the available antifungals and emergence of resistant isolates to antifungals. 2 Caspofungin (CAS) is an antifungal agent that induces osmotic instability and yeast apoptosis via targeting beta (1,3)- D-glucan synthase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility Pattern of Caspofungin-Coated Gold Nanoparticles Against Clinically Important Candida Species

et al. 2020

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Purpose: The present study was performed to examine whether caspofungin-coated gold nanoparticles (CAS-AuNPs) may offer the right platform for sensitivity induction in resistant isolates. Methods: For the purpose of the study, a total of 58 archived Candida species were enrolled in the research. The identification of Candida spp. was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and HWP1 gene amplification approaches. The conjugated CAS-AuNPs were synthesized and then characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Zetasizer system to determine their morphology, size, and charge. Furthermore, the efficacy of CAS, CAS-AuNPs conjugate, and AuNPs against Candida spp. was assessed based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M60. Finally, the interaction of CAS-AuNPs with Candida element was evaluated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: According to the TEM results, the synthesized CAS-AuNPs had a spherical shape with an average size of 20 nm. The Zeta potential of CAS-AuNPs was -38.2 mV. Statistical analyses showed that CAS-AuNPs could significantly reduce the minimum inhibitory concentration against C. albicans (P=0.0005) and non-albicans Candida (NAC) species (P<0.0001). All isolates had a MIC value of ≥ 4 µg/ml for CAS, except for C. glabrata. The results of SEM analysis confirmed the effects of AuNPs on the membrane and cell wall structure of C. globrata exposed to CAS-AuNPs, facilitating the formation of pores on the cell wall and finally cell death. Conclusion: The findings revealed that CAS-AuNPs conjugates had significant antifungal effects against Candida spp. through the degradation of the membrane and cell wall integrity. Therefore, it can be concluded that the encapsulation of antifungal drugs in combination with NPs not only diminishes side effects but also enhances the effectiveness of the medications.

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Sequence-identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Binding of human plasminogen and high-molecular-mass kininogen by cell surface-exposed proteins of Candida parapsilosis

Binding of human plasminogen and high-molecular-mass kininogen by cell surface-exposed proteins of Candida parapsilosis

A comparison between CHROMagar, PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP for identification of Candida species

Susceptibility Pattern of Caspofungin-Coated Gold Nanoparticles Against Clinically Important Candida Species

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