Sequence and solidarity

Preliminaries to Treatment Recommendations in UK Primary Care: A Vehicle for Shared Decision Making?

“…What they claim to have in common is that they are designed to 'test the waters' (Clayman, 2002) -to anticipate and avoid a dispreferrred outcome (e.g. already-known-ness, declines due to lack of availability, and denials or rejections due to other circumstantial factors).…”

Using Laugh Responses to Defuse Complaints

“…Research in conversation analysis has clearly demonstrated that members of society generally seek to maintain social solidarity in encounters (Clayman, 2002). Participants work to affiliate and align with each other as they interact.…”

Affiliation and alignment in responding actions

“…Heritage (1984) describes preferred responses to a variety of initiating actions such as requests, offers, invitations, assessments, etc., as normally ''affiliative actions which are supportive of social solidarity'', and dispreferred responses as disaffiliative and ''destructive of social solidarity'' (Heritage, 1984: 268; see also Clayman, 2002). The specific features of preferred and dispreferred format responses are thus described as related to their affiliative and disaffiliative characters respectively (Heritage, 1984).…”