Sequence analysis of the medium and small RNAs of impatiens necrotic spot virus reveals segment reassortment but not recombination

Adegbola, Raphael O.; Marshall, Spencer H.; Batuman, Özgur; Ullman, Diane E.; Gilbertson, R. L.; Adkins, Scott; Naidu, Rayapati A.

doi:10.1007/s00705-019-04389-5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A recent study suggested that the evolution of INSV is driven by reassortment with other INSV strains rather than recombination [36], and no proof exists that INSV can reassort with other orthotospoviruses, including TSWV, a virus often found to co-infect INSV-infected plants. Experiments indicated that more closely related bunyaviruses are more likely to produce viable reassortants [32,72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since TSWV is already established in those states, the authors suggested that those states might become a location where new reassortments between TCSV, GRSV, and TSWV may occur. Reassortment between different TSWV strains facilitates rapid adaptation to new host genotypes [31], and sequence analysis of INSV isolates suggested that reassortment is the major driving force for INSV evolution [36]; thus, it is logical to hypothesize that co-infection of INSV and TSWV could lead to reassortment between the two viruses and to an increase in their host range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrips as the Transmission Bottleneck for Mixed Infection of Two Orthotospoviruses

Zhao

Rosa

2020

Plants

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Mixed infections provide opportunities for viruses to increase genetic diversity by facilitating genomic reassortment or recombination, and they may lead to the emergence of new virus species. Mixed infections of two economically important orthotospoviruses, Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) and Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus (INSV), were found in recent years, but no natural reassortants between INSV and TSWV were ever reported. The goal of this study was to establish how vector preferences and the ability to transmit INSV and TSWV influence transmission and establishment of mixed infections. Our results demonstrate that thrips prefer to oviposit on TSWV and INSV mixed-infected plants over singly infected or healthy plants, providing young nymphs with the opportunity to acquire both viruses. Conversely, we observed that thrips served as a bottleneck during transmission and favored transmission of one of the two viruses over the second one, or over transmission of both viruses simultaneously. This constraint was relaxed in plants, when transmission of TSWV and INSV occurred sequentially, demonstrating that plants serve as orthotospovirus permissive hosts, while thrips serve as a bottleneck. Viral fitness, as measured by virus replication, transmission, and competition with other viral strains, is not well studied in mixed infection. Our study looks at the success of transmission during mixed infection of orthotopoviruses, enhancing the understanding of orthotospovirus epidemiology and evolution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrips as the Transmission Bottleneck for Mixed Infection of Two Orthotospoviruses

Zhao

Rosa

2020

Plants

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“…Reassortment has led to the emergence of new viral strains with novel characteristics and biological properties and to the formation of specific clades in the population [85,[145][146][147][148]. Reassortant viruses might be genetically diverse enough to break resistance [85,127], cause novel symptoms [149][150][151], alter host range [152,153], and evolve into new species.…”

Section: Reassortmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Virus Variation, Evolution, and Host Adaptation

LaTourrette

García-Ruíz

2022

Pathogens

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Virus evolution is the change in the genetic structure of a viral population over time and results in the emergence of new viral variants, strains, and species with novel biological properties, including adaptation to new hosts. There are host, vector, environmental, and viral factors that contribute to virus evolution. To achieve or fine tune compatibility and successfully establish infection, viruses adapt to a particular host species or to a group of species. However, some viruses are better able to adapt to diverse hosts, vectors, and environments. Viruses generate genetic diversity through mutation, reassortment, and recombination. Plant viruses are exposed to genetic drift and selection pressures by host and vector factors, and random variants or those with a competitive advantage are fixed in the population and mediate the emergence of new viral strains or species with novel biological properties. This process creates a footprint in the virus genome evident as the preferential accumulation of substitutions, insertions, or deletions in areas of the genome that function as determinants of host adaptation. Here, with respect to plant viruses, we review the current understanding of the sources of variation, the effect of selection, and its role in virus evolution and host adaptation.

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Interspecies/Intergroup Complementation of Orthotospovirus Replication and Movement through Reverse Genetics Systems

Feng

Chen

Yuan

et al. 2023

J Virol

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Sequence analysis of the medium and small RNAs of impatiens necrotic spot virus reveals segment reassortment but not recombination

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Thrips as the Transmission Bottleneck for Mixed Infection of Two Orthotospoviruses

Thrips as the Transmission Bottleneck for Mixed Infection of Two Orthotospoviruses

Determinants of Virus Variation, Evolution, and Host Adaptation

Interspecies/Intergroup Complementation of Orthotospovirus Replication and Movement through Reverse Genetics Systems

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