Septic Shock

Goodwin, Justin A.; Schaer, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(89)50137-2

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In early microbial infections, humoral reactions are activated, in which immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, etc.) recognize and destroy invading organisms [ 6 ]. Reduced blood vessel volume, cardiac dysfunction and peripheral vasodilation are major causes of septic shock [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing potential diagnostic gene biomarkers of septic shock based on machine learning analysis

Fan

Qiu-feng

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Sepsis is an inflammatory response caused by infection with pathogenic microorganisms. The body shock caused by it is called septic shock. In view of this, we aimed to identify potential diagnostic gene biomarkers of the disease. Material and methods Firstly, mRNAs expression data sets of septic shock were retrieved and downloaded from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database for differential expression analysis. Functional enrichment analysis was then used to identify the biological function of DEmRNAs (differentially expressed mRNAs). Machine learning analysis was used to determine the diagnostic gene biomarkers for septic shock. Thirdly, RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) verification was performed. Lastly, GSE65682 data set was utilized to further perform diagnostic and prognostic analysis of identified superlative diagnostic gene biomarkers. Results A total of 843 DEmRNAs, including 458 up-regulated and 385 down-regulated DEmRNAs were obtained in septic shock. 15 superlative diagnostic gene biomarkers (such as RAB13, KIF1B, CLEC5A, FCER1A, CACNA2D3, DUSP3, HMGN3, MGST1 and ARHGEF18) for septic shock were identified by machine learning analysis. RF (random forests), SVM (support vector machine) and DT (decision tree) models were used to construct classification models. The accuracy of the DT, SVM and RF models were very high. Interestingly, the RF model had the highest accuracy. It is worth mentioning that ARHGEF18 and FCER1A were related to survival. CACNA2D3 and DUSP3 participated in MAPK signaling pathway to regulate septic shock. Conclusion Identified diagnostic gene biomarkers may be helpful in the diagnosis and therapy of patients with septic shock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…recognize and destroy invading organisms [ 6 ]. Reduced blood vessel volume, cardiac dysfunction and peripheral vasodilation are major causes of septic shock [ 6 , 7 ]. In view of this, active fluid resuscitation and anti-infective symptomatic treatment are performed in these patients [ 8 – 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing potential diagnostic gene biomarkers of septic shock based on machine learning analysis

Fan

Qiu-feng

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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“…This often occurs in aged animals, and surgery in the affected animals involves high risks because of complications such as renal failure and septic shock, leading to death in some animals [2,9,10]. The etiology of pyometra is mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pasteurella and Staphylococcus, most of which are gram-negative bacteria [1,7,10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship of the Blood Endotoxin Concentration and Prognosis in Dogs with Pyometra.

1998

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ABSTRACT. The blood concentrations of endotoxin in dogs with pyometra (n=45) were compared with those in healthy dogs (n=17). The blood endotoxin concentrations in the healthy dogs (n=17), in those with good prognosis (n=41) and those with poor prognosis (n=4) were 3.4 ± 2.8 pg/ml, 9.5 ± 11.3 pg/ml and 74.2 ± 18.3 pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations in the dogs with good prognosis and poor prognosis were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those in the healthy dogs. The dogs with poor prognosis had significantly (p<0.01) higher endotoxin concentrations than those with good prognosis. Blood endotoxin concentrations were measured in 9 dogs after surgery, and were found to be decreased. These results suggest the possible involvement of endotoxin in the pathophysiological changes due to pyometra in dogs, and also that the blood endotoxin concentration could be used as a marker to determine prognosis. -KEY WORDS : canine, endotoxin, pyometra.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60(11): 1265-1267, 1998 surgery; the other developed peritonitis). All animals were treated with fluid therapy and antibiotic drugs. The concentration of endotoxin in blood was measured by a chromogenic substrate method [3,4]. Briefly, plateletrich plasma was pretreated with perchloric acid. The pretreated plasma sample was allowed to react for 30 min at 37°C using a Toxicolor Test (Seikagaku Kogyo, Tokyo). This was followed by diazo-coupling for colorimetric measurement of the optical density at 545 nm (Spectrophotometer 150-20, Hitachi, Tokyo). The syringes and test tubes used for blood sampling and tests were all completely free of endotoxin.The data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis between groups was performed by the Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered significant.As shown in Fig. 1, the blood endotoxin concentrations in the healthy dogs (n=17), in those with good prognosis (n=41) and those with poor prognosis (n=4) were 3.4 ± 2.8 pg/ml, 9.5 ± 11.3 pg/ml and 74.2 ± 18.3 pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations in the dogs with good prognosis and poor prognosis were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those in the healthy dogs. The dogs with poor prognosis had significantly (p<0.01) higher endotoxin concentrations than those with good prognosis.The dog with the highest value (94.5 pg/ml) was already in shock when brought to our department and died shortly after sampling of blood. A dog with 81 pg/ml had severe renal failure and died 2 days after surgery; another dog with 51.5 pg/ml had renal failure and died 10 days after surgery. A dog with 70

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“…In spite of having high levels of ET, all of the bitches in the present study survived. In humans endotoxin levels above 10 pg ml -1 are closely correlated with clinical symptoms of septicemia, but humans are more sensitive to ET than dogs [ 38 , 37 , 15 , 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endotoxin (ET), lipopolysaccharide parts of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, is released into the circulation when the bacteria grow or are destroyed. ET has many biological properties and is thought to be responsible for the systemic symptoms of pyometra in bitches [ 44 , 2 , 6 , 15 ]. In moderate dose, ET causes leukocytosis, fever, vomiting, depression and decrease in food consumption, whereas more severe effects are progressive hypotension leading to shock and high rates of mortality [ 19 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyometra in Bitches Induces Elevated Plasma Endotoxin and Prostaglandin F2αMetabolite Levels

2006

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: Pyometra in bitches induces elevated plasma endotoxin and prostaglandin F 2␣ metabolite levels. Acta vet. scand. 2006, 47, 55-68. -Endotoxemia in bitches with pyometra can cause severe systemic effects directly or via the release of inflammatory mediators. Plasma endotoxin concentrations were measured in ten bitches suffering from pyometra with moderately to severely deteriorated general condition, and in nine bitches admitted to surgery for non-infectious reasons. Endotoxin samples were taken on five occasions before, during and after surgery. In addition, urine and uterine bacteriology was performed and hematological, blood biochemical parameters, prostaglandin F 2␣ metabolite 15-ketodihydro-PGF 2␣ (PG-metabolite), progesterone and oestradiol (E 2 -17␤) levels were analysed. The results confirm significantly increased plasma levels of endotoxin in bitches with pyometra and support previous reports of endotoxin involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease. Plasma concentrations of PG-metabolite were elevated in pyometra bitches and provide a good indicator of endotoxin release since the concentrations were significantly correlated to the endotoxin levels and many other hematological and chemistry parameters. The ␥-globulin serum protein electrophoresis fraction and analysis of PGmetabolite can be valuable in the diagnosis of endotoxin involvement if a reliable, rapid and cost-effective test for PG-metabolite analysis becomes readily available in the future. Treatment inhibiting prostaglandin biosynthesis and related compounds could be beneficial for bitches suffering from pyometra.

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Septic Shock

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Revealing potential diagnostic gene biomarkers of septic shock based on machine learning analysis

Revealing potential diagnostic gene biomarkers of septic shock based on machine learning analysis

Relationship of the Blood Endotoxin Concentration and Prognosis in Dogs with Pyometra.

Pyometra in Bitches Induces Elevated Plasma Endotoxin and Prostaglandin F2αMetabolite Levels

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