Septic arthritis in children

Akinyoola, AL; Obiajunwa, PO; Oginni, LM

doi:10.4314/wajm.v25i2.28260

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…The causative agent most often isolated was S. aureus (73.33%), which is in line with the epidemiological findings in many regions of the world and not only for the hip joint (3,7,18,25,26). Only 26.66% of the patients showed positive results for bacteria from Gram staining, which shows that a negative result for this test should not be taken as definitive in determining whether a joint should be drained in a suspected case of septic arthritis (19,27).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of septic arthritis of the hip, 2006 to 2012, a seven-year review

Miyahara¹,

Helito²,

Oliva³

et al. 2014

Clinics

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OBJECTIVE:To epidemiologically characterize the population treated at our orthopedic clinic with a diagnosis of septic arthritic of the hip between 2006 and 2012.METHODS:Fifteen patients diagnosed with septic arthritis of the hip between 2006 and 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients' clinical and epidemiological characteristics were surveyed; a sensitivity profile relating to the microorganisms that caused the infections and the complications relating to the patients' treatment and evolution were identified.RESULTS:Septic arthritis was more common among males. Most diagnoses were made through positive synovial fluid cultures, after joint drainage was performed using the Smith-Petersen route. Among the comorbidities found, the most prevalent were systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus. The pathological joint conditions diagnosed prior to joint infection were osteoarthrosis and developmental dysplasia of the hip. The infectious agent most frequently isolated was Staphylococcus aureus. From the clinical and laboratory data investigated, 53.33% of the cases presented with fever, and all except one patient presented with increased measures in inflammation tests. Gram staining was positive in only 26.66% of the synovial fluid samples analyzed. Six patients presented with joint complications after treatment was administered.CONCLUSION:S. aureus is the most common pathogen in acute infections of the hip in our setting. Factors such as clinical comorbidities are associated with septic arthritis of the hip. Because of the relatively small number of patients, given that this is a condition of low prevalence, there was no statistically significant correlation in relation to worse prognosis for the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of septic arthritis of the hip, 2006 to 2012, a seven-year review

Miyahara¹,

Helito²,

Oliva³

et al. 2014

Clinics

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“…[12] Polyarticular septic arthritis is likely in overwhelming sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic connective tissue disease,[16] and sickle cell disease as observed in this study. The extent of involvement of these likely factors in the higher incidence of polyarticular septic arthritis observed in this series is not evident.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In this study, the incidence of sickle cell disease among children with septic arthritis is similar to 13.2% reported by Akinyoola et al . in South-West Nigeria[12] and higher than 3% reported by Lavy et al . in Malawi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood pyogenic septic arthritis as seen in a teaching hospital South East Nigeria

Omoke¹,

Obasi²

2017

Niger J Surg

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Background:Childhood pyogenic septic arthritis and its associated musculoskeletal morbidity is an important health concern in developing countries. Its pattern of presentation that varies from and within subregions has implications on the early recognition, treatment, and outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern and outcome of childhood septic arthritis in our environment.Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study of all the children seen with pyogenic septic arthritis in Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki between January 2005 and December 2015.Results:Childhood septic arthritis accounted for 44 (83%) of the 53 patients seen with pyogenic septic arthritis. Female to male ratio was 1:1.75 and the mean age was 5.7 ± 0.73 years. Eight patients (18.2%) had polyarticular involvements. The right shoulder was significantly more involved than the left and the left hip more than right. Overall, there was a preponderance of onset of symptoms in the dry season. Children from the rural areas accounted for 85.7% of those with the onset of symptom in rainy season. Delayed presentation >6 days (in 68.2% of patients) was related to age (P < 0.042), and health seeking behavior (P < 0.036). Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest causative organism. Seventy-seven percent (77%) underwent open arthrotomy. Anemia, septic shock, and joint stiffness were three top complications observed. Mortality rate was 2.3%, and cause of death was overwhelming sepsis.Conclusion:In our setting, pyogenic septic arthritis is predominantly a childhood health problem and children under 5 years of age are the most vulnerable. Delayed presentation, an important factor in morbidity and mortality associated with septic arthritis was common among the patients, calls for a public enlightenment program on the importance of early presentation.

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“…Staphylococcus aureus is the usual offending microorganism, present in 50% of cases 1 2 4 5. We present an unusual case affecting the elbow in a child where Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Septic arthritis of the elbow withStreptococcus pneumoniaein a 9-month-old girl

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYA 9-month-old girl presented with a swollen, erythematous and hot left elbow, which was tender on palpation. Physical examination was unremarkable except temperature of 38.4°C and restriction of elbow movement. Blood tests showed an elevated C reactive protein of 116 mg/L. Plain radiograph and ultrasound of the elbow showed no pathological findings. MRI revealed an intra-articular effusion and associated myositis, but did not demonstrate intra-articular synovitis.

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Septic arthritis in children

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of septic arthritis of the hip, 2006 to 2012, a seven-year review

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of septic arthritis of the hip, 2006 to 2012, a seven-year review

Childhood pyogenic septic arthritis as seen in a teaching hospital South East Nigeria

Septic arthritis of the elbow withStreptococcus pneumoniaein a 9-month-old girl

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