Septic Arthritis and Bacteremia Due to Infection by Pasteurella canis

Abstract

Pasteurella canis is a Gram-negative coccobacilli from the Pasteurellaceae family. The most common form of transmission to humans is a bite from a dog or a cat. We report a case of a 90-year-old woman who presented with septic arthritis in the right knee and bacteremia two weeks after a cat bite. The patient was treated with arthrocentesis and directed antimicrobial therapy. Human Pasteurella canis infection is a rare occurrence, making this a case of note.

Pasteurella canis soft tissue infection after a cat bite – A case report

“…People with immunosuppression, underlying diseases such as diabetes, cirrhosis, and autoimmune disorders, were at greater risk for life-threatening invasive infections due to such pathogens [6] . Overall, the septic patients responded well to antibiotic treatment and the prognosis was favorable [8] , [9] . In studying Pasteurella infections over a twenty-year period, the detected mortality rate was at 1.0 % [4] .…”

“…The clinical forms of P. canis bite wound infections range from cellulitis and subcutaneous abscesses to arthritis, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia [3] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [11] . People with immunosuppression, underlying diseases such as diabetes, cirrhosis, and autoimmune disorders, were at greater risk for life-threatening invasive infections due to such pathogens [6] .…”

“…P. canis is a rare pathogen that is related to dogs and occasionally to cats. It can cause a variety of infections – skin and soft tissue infections, arthritis, osteomyelitis, respiratory tract infections, eye infections, bacteremia, and others [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] .…”

Cranial osteomyelitis associated with Pasteurella canis in broiler chickens

“…Pasteurella canis is part of the normal microbiota of healthy companion animals, particularly dogs. On several occasions, P. canis infections have been reported in humans and are associated with osteomyelitis and cutaneous abscess in the right digit (Hara et al, 2002), soft tissue infection (Kim et al, 2016), breast implant infection (Hannouille et al, 2019), abdominal infection (Mensah-Glanowska et al, 2020), septic arthritis of the femorotibial joint (Nascimento et al, 2021), and, recently, endophthalmitis (Bathula et al, 2023). Pasteu-rella canis has also been associated with endocarditis in dogs (Kern et al, 2019) and pneumonia in black-tailed marmosets (Da Silva et al, 2020).…”