Separation Technology as a Powerful Tool for Unfolding Molecular Complexity of Natural Organic Matter and Humic Substances

Perminova, Irina V.; Konstantinov, Andrey I.; Kunenkov, E. V.; Gaspar, Andras; Schmitt‐Kopplin, Philippe; Hertkorn, Norbert; Куликова, Н. А.; Hatfield, Kirk

doi:10.1002/9780470494950.ch13

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…The pore sizes of OmpF and OmpC are 1.2 nm and 1.1 nm, respectively, and other porins can be 1.2 to 2.5 nm in diameter (29,41). Reported values for HS, in turn, vary from 1.5 to 5.8 nm (40). The latter value is evidence of the opportunity of HS (or at least their low-molecular-weight fractions) to penetrate the E. coli outer membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Куликова

Perminova

Badun

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The primary goal of this paper is to demonstrate potential strengths of the use of tritium-labeled humic substances (HS) to quantify their interaction with living cells under various conditions. A novel approach was taken to study the interaction between a model microorganism and the labeled humic material. The bacterium Escherichia coli was used as a model microorganism. Salt stress was used to study interactions of HS with living cells under nonoptimum conditions. Six tritium-labeled samples of HS originating from coal, peat, and soil were examined. To quantify their interaction with E. coli cells, bioconcentration factors (BCF) were calculated and the amount of HS that penetrated into the cell interior was determined, and the liquid scintillation counting technique was used as well. The BCF values under optimum conditions varied from 0.9 to 13.1 liters kg ؊1 of cell biomass, whereas under salt stress conditions the range of corresponding values increased substantially and accounted for 0.2 to 130 liters kg ؊1 . The measured amounts of HS that penetrated into the cells were 23 to 167 mg and 25 to 465 mg HS per kg of cell biomass under optimum and salt stress conditions, respectively. This finding indicated increased penetration of HS into E. coli cells under salt stress.Humic substances (HS) are natural organic compounds comprising 50 to 90% of the organic matter of peat, coal, and sapropel (i.e., sludge that accumulates at the bottom of lakes), as well as of the nonliving organic matter of soil and water ecosystems (9,34,53). Being the products of stochastic synthesis, HS are characterized as polydispersed substances having elemental compositions that are nonstoichiometric and structures which are irregular and heterogeneous. Thus, it is not possible to assign an exact structure to HS. Instead, they are operationally defined using a model structure predicated on available compositional, structural, functional, and behavioral data: a model structure containing all the same basic structural units and types of reactive functional groups (46). HS have been demonstrated to contain a large amount of residues resembling the original building blocks (aromatic subunits, amino acids, carbohydrates, etc.) (51) as well as polyphenolic components with nonhydrolyzable C-C and ether bonds (51, 16). Since humic matter is a complex mixture of organic substances, HS yield extremely high polydispersity values (i.e., the ratio of weight-average molecular weight to the number-average molecular weight [M w /M n ]), which vary within the range of 1.64 to 4.40 (38). These extremely high polydispersity values mean that even though they yield relatively high values of molecular weight, HS contain a low-molecular-weight fraction.HS are known to play important roles in protecting microorganisms and higher plants from climatic and technogenic stresses, such as pollution, draught, UV irradiation, and pathogen and viral infections (2, 22, 31). However, mechanisms underlying protective functions of these natural systems are still poorly und...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Куликова

Perminova

Badun

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…However, molecular structures of NOM remain largely unknown. This is because the extreme complexity of NOM renders impossible their separation into individual compounds by conventional techniques such as liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, or isoelectric focusing . The same is true for structural studies of NOM by powerful physical methods that work perfectly for monomolecular samples (e.g., NMR spectroscopy, soft X-ray spectroscopy, fluorescence polarization) but are not capable of revealing the individual structures of NOM despite many efforts. , …”

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confidence: 99%

Enumeration of Labile Hydrogens in Natural Organic Matter by Use of Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2013

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A method to enumerate labile hydrogens in all constituents of molecular ensemble of natural organic matter (NOM) based on our previously developed simple hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange (electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source (Kostyukevich et al. Anal. Chem. 2013, 85, 5330) and ultra-high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry is presented. The method was applied for analysis of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA), which is an International Humic Substances Society standard, as well as Siberian crude oil; and lignosulfonate. We found that SRFA and lignosulfonate molecules contain 2-5 labile hydrogens, and their number increases with the number of oxygens in the molecule. Also, we observed that compounds of Siberian crude oil ionizing in positive-ESI mode do not have labile hydrogens, while compounds ionizing in negative-ESI mode have one labile hydrogen that detaches during ESI ionization.

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“…Even though significant research has been conducted over the past several decades to characterize the properties and reactivity of humic substances, there is still a lack of consensus as to the nature of these complex materials (Hayes and Clapp 2001;Perminova et al 2009). Researchers generally agree that much of the reactivity of humic and fulvic acids is due in large part to the presence of carboxylic (-COOH) and phenolic (C 6 H 5 OH) groups (Steinburg 2003).…”

Section: Figure 3-4 Formation Of Natural Organic Matter (Adapted Fromentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and Removing Dissolved Metals from Stormwater in Highly Urbanized Areas

Barrett¹,

Katz²,

Taylor³

et al. 2014

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Systematic, well-designed research provides the most effective approach to the solution of many problems facing highway administrators and engineers. Often, highway problems are of local interest and can best be studied by highway departments individually or in cooperation with their state universities and others. However, the accelerating growth of highway transportation develops increasingly complex problems of wide interest to highway authorities. These problems are best studied through a coordinated program of cooperative research. In recognition of these needs, the highway administrators of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials initiated in 1962 an objective national highway research program employing modern scientific techniques. This program is supported on a continuing basis by funds from participating member states of the Association and it receives the full cooperation and support of the Federal Highway Administration, United States Department of Transportation. The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies was requested by the Association to administer the research program because of the Board's recognized objectivity and understanding of modern research practices. The Board is uniquely suited for this purpose as it maintains an extensive committee structure from which authorities on any highway transportation subject may be drawn; it possesses avenues of communications and cooperation with federal, state and local governmental agencies, universities, and industry; its relationship to the National Research Council is an insurance of objectivity; it maintains a full-time research correlation staff of specialists in highway transportation matters to bring the findings of research directly to those who are in a position to use them. The program is developed on the basis of research needs identified by chief administrators of the highway and transportation departments and by committees of AASHTO. Each year, specific areas of research needs to be included in the program are proposed to the National Research Council and the Board by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Research projects to fulfill these needs are defined by the Board, and qualified research agencies are selected from those that have submitted proposals. Administration and surveillance of research contracts are the responsibilities of the National Research Council and the Transportation Research Board. The needs for highway research are many, and the National Cooperative Highway Research Program can make significant contributions to the solution of highway transportation problems of mutual concern to many responsible groups. The program, however, is intended to complement rather than to substitute for or duplicate other highway research programs.

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Separation Technology as a Powerful Tool for Unfolding Molecular Complexity of Natural Organic Matter and Humic Substances

Cited by 6 publications

References 155 publications

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Enumeration of Labile Hydrogens in Natural Organic Matter by Use of Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Measuring and Removing Dissolved Metals from Stormwater in Highly Urbanized Areas

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