Separation Process of Nisin Using Aqueous Two-Phase Systems: A New Approach Featuring Nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, to improve the efficiency of an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), a different scenario has been proposed. To this purpose, an endeavor has been undertaken to find a nanoparticle suitable for designing a process of favorable economic separation as well as to unravel the mechanism of the partitioning of nisin along with nanoparticle. First, the capabilities of several different nanoparticles were assessed. These nanoparticles were regarded as additives apt to improve nisin partitioning in the ATPS containing polyethylene glycol (with different molecular weights) and a mixture of potassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The impact of the addition of the modified nanographite (in very small amounts) on the improvement of the nisin partition coefficient in polymer/salt ATPS was quite remarkable. The results showed that the partition coefficient of nisin was increased up to 610% (eight times more than that of the ATPS without nanoparticles) in PEG 10 000 + KH2PO4/K2HPO4 + H2O. The mechanism of the partitioning of nisin along with nanoparticle dominating the boost in the partition coefficient was explained by the structural investigations.

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“…They showed that the modified system enhanced the partition coefficient of vanillin by 127%. Rahbari et al 10 conducted a study to evaluate a group of nanoparticles for their ability to partition nisin in ATPS containing PEG and phosphate-based salt. The study showed that the presence of nanoparticles increased the partition factor of nisin 8-fold compared to the ATPS with no nanoparticles.…”

“…They showed that the modified system enhanced the partition coefficient of vanillin by 127%. Rahbari et al . conducted a study to evaluate a group of nanoparticles for their ability to partition nisin in ATPS containing PEG and phosphate-based salt.…”

“…These properties include isoelectric points, sizes, surface hydrophobicity, polymer molecular weight, polymer/salt concentrations, pH, and temperature. ,, The separations’ selectivity in ATPS has been enhanced under various conditions, which are problematically associated with the need to make structural changes in ATPSs or to modify biomolecules. , It is therefore becoming more necessary to find techniques that do not require the reformulation of system structures or biomolecules. By creating a mechanism that facilitates the transfer of the biomolecule between the two phases, biomolecules partitioning enhances in ATPS. , Nanoparticles fulfill this demand and improve biomolecule partitioning. The high surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles makes them attractive carriers, which can greatly enhance extraction performance. , Inorganic nanoparticles, whose structures exhibit significantly different physical, chemical, and biological properties and functionalities compared to their bulk counterparts, have attracted increasing interest.…”