Separation of the Baltic Sea water level into daily and multi-weekly components

Soomere, Tarmo; Eelsalu, Maris; Kurkin, Andrey; Rybin, Artem

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2015.04.018

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…20 Importantly, typical probability distributions of different constituents of extreme water levels may be fundamentally different. The distribution of observed and numerically simulated water levels is usually close to a Gaussian one (Bortot et al, 2000;Johansson et al, 2001;Mel and Lionello, 2014;Soomere et al, 2015). The total water level in semi-sheltered seas with extensive subtidal or weekly-scale variability may contain two components.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…The total water level in semi-sheltered seas with extensive subtidal or weekly-scale variability may contain two components. In the Baltic Sea conditions, one of these (that reflects the water volume of the entire sea) has a classic quasi-Gaussian distribution whereas the other (that reflects the 25 local storm surge) component has an exponential distribution and apparently mirrors a Poisson process (Soomere et al, 2015) similarly to the non-tidal residual in the North Sea (Schmitt et al, 2018). The probabilities of occurrence of different single wave heights are at best approximated either by a Rayleigh (Longuet-Higgins, 1952), Weibull (Forristall, 1978) or a Tayfun distribution (Socquet-Juglard et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Variability of distributions of wave set-up heights along a shoreline with complicated geometry

Soomere¹,

Pindsoo²

2019

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Abstract. The phenomenon of wave set-up may substantially contribute to the formation of devastating coastal flooding in certain coastal areas. We study the appearance and properties of empirical probability distributions of the occurrence of different set-up heights in about 80 km long section of coastline near Tallinn in the Gulf of Finland, the eastern Baltic Sea. The study area is often attacked by high waves propagating from various directions and the approach angle of waves varies largely along the shore. The distribution in question is approximated by an exponential distribution with a quadratic polynomial as the exponent. Even though different segments of the study area host substantially different wave regimes, the leading term of this polynomial is usually small (between −0.005 and 0.005) and varies insignificantly along the study area. Consequently, the distribution of wave set-up heights substantially deviates from a Rayleigh or Weibull distribution (that usually reflect the distribution of different wave heights). In about 3/4 of occasions it is fairly well approximated by a standard exponential distribution. In about 25 % of coastal segments it matches a Wald (inverse Gaussian) distribution. This property signals that very high extreme set-up events may in some locations occur substantially more frequently than it could be expected from the probability of occurrence of severe seas.

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

Variability of distributions of wave set-up heights along a shoreline with complicated geometry

Soomere¹,

Pindsoo²

2019

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“…Also, as the appearance of distributions of set-up heights in log-linear coordinates is clearly concave upwards along the entire study area, even the exponential distribution (that describes, e.g., storm surges in the study area, Soomere et al, 2015) is not suitable for their description. This appearance suggests that the background process is not a Poisson one (that would 20 lead to basically linear shape of the distribution in question in log-linear coordinates).…”

Section: Frequency Of Occurrence Of Set-up Heightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The empirical probabilities of average or significant wave heights in various offshore conditions usually resemble either a Rayleigh or a Weibull distribution (Muraleedharan et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2014) while distributions are more suitable for the analysis of meteotsunami heights (Bechle et al, 2015). The total water level in semisheltered seas with extensive subtidal-or weekly-scale variability may contain two components, one of which has the classic quasi-Gaussian distribution whereas the other (storm surge) component has an exponential distribution and apparently mirrors a Poisson process (Soomere et al, 2015). Wave-driven local water level set-up is one of the classic phenomena at open ocean coasts.…”

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“…While the distribution of water levels is usually close to a Gaussian one (Bortot et al, 2000;Johansson et al, 2001;Mel and Lionello, 2014;Soomere et al, 2015), the probabilities of occurrence of different single wave heights are at best approximated either by a Rayleigh (Longuet-Higgins, 1952), Weibull (Forristall, 1978) or Tayfun distribution (SocquetJuglard et al, 2005). The empirical probabilities of average or significant wave heights in various offshore conditions usually resemble either a Rayleigh or a Weibull distribution (Muraleedharan et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2014) while distributions are more suitable for the analysis of meteotsunami heights (Bechle et al, 2015).…”

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Inverse Gaussian distribution of wave set-up heights along a shoreline with complicated geometry

Soomere

Pindsoo

2017

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Abstract. The phenomenon of wave set-up may substantially contribute to the formation of devastating coastal flooding in certain coastal sections. We study empirical probability distribution of the occurrence of different set-up heights in section of coastline near Tallinn in the Gulf of Finland, the eastern Baltic Sea. The shoreline in the study area is often attacked by high 10 waves from various directions and also has a complex geometry. Shown is that this distribution substantially deviates from the Rayleigh or the Weibull distribution that usually reflect the distribution of different wave heights. The distribution of wave set-up heights matches a Wald (inverse Gaussian) distribution along the entire study area. Even though different sections of the study area are open to different directions and host substantially different wave regimes, the leading term of the exponent in the associated inverse Gaussian distribution varies insignificantly along the study area and generally is close 15 to -1. This appearance signals that extreme set-up events are substantially more probable that it could be expected from the probability of occurrence of severe seas. This feature is invariant with respect to the orientation of the coastline and with respect to the properties of local wave climate.

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