Separation of Organic Liquid Mixtures by Thermal Diffusion

Jones, A. Letcher; Milberger, Ernest C.

doi:10.1021/ie50528a039

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Another large group of substance studied are the hydrocarbons which have been investigated experimentally and theoretically [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . However, for alkane/benzene mixtures 8 the simple rule of thumb fails.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Soret Effect in Hydrocarbon Chain/Aromatic Compound Mixtures

2009

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We studied the thermal diffusion behavior of equimolar mixtures of hydrocarbon chains in cyclohexane, p-xylene and o-xylene experimentally and by reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics.The hydrocarbon chains heptane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 2-ethyl 3 methyl butadiene and 2,4 dimethylpentadiene -1,3 with the same number of carbon atoms were considered in order to conserve the mass contribution and to investigate the shape influence on the Soret coefficient. Compared to the experimental data, the simulation results show the same trend. With increasing degree of branching the Soret coefficient becomes larger. The negative Soret coefficient of the hydrocarbon chains indicates the enrichment in the warm side. We were able to find a empirical correlation between the properties of the pure components and the Soret coeffcients of the mixture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Soret Effect in Hydrocarbon Chain/Aromatic Compound Mixtures

2009

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“… 7 , 8 Thermal diffusion columns (or Clusius−Dickel separations) were used for industrial purifications during the middle of the 20th century. ( 9 ) Using experimentally measured thermal diffusion coefficients, Baaske et al performed simulations suggesting that nucleotides and nucleic acid oligomers could be locally concentrated in the prebiotic vent context outlined above. Here we experimentally demonstrate that a microcapillary thermal diffusion column can concentrate dilute solutions of nucleotides, oligonucleotides, and fatty acids.…”

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confidence: 99%

Formation of Protocell-like Vesicles in a Thermal Diffusion Column

2009

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Many of the properties of bilayer membranes composed of simple single-chain amphiphiles seem to be well-suited for a potential role as primitive cell membranes. However, the spontaneous formation of membranes from such amphiphiles is a concentration-dependent process in which a significant critical aggregate concentration (cac) must be reached. Since most scenarios for the prebiotic synthesis of fatty acids and related amphiphiles would result in dilute solutions well below the cac, the identification of mechanisms that would lead to increased local amphiphile concentrations is an important aspect of defining reasonable conditions for the origin of cellular life. Narrow, vertically oriented channels within the mineral precipitates of hydrothermal vent towers have previously been proposed to act as natural Clusius−Dickel thermal diffusion columns, in which a strong transverse thermal gradient concentrates dilute molecules through the coupling of thermophoresis and convection. Here we experimentally demonstrate that a microcapillary acting as a thermal diffusion column can concentrate a solution of oleic acid. Upon concentration, self-assembly of large vesicles occurs in regions where the cac is exceeded. We detected vesicle formation by fluorescence microscopy of encapsulated dye cargoes, which simultaneously concentrated in our channels. Our findings suggest a novel means by which simple physical processes could have led to the spontaneous formation of cell-like structures from a dilute prebiotic reservoir.

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“…In most cases samples were withdrawn from the extreme sample taps only. In Run 5L data were obtained not only at the end taps (7-11) but also at the pair (8)(9)(10). Runs 1OL and 12L represent similar data for a longer column.…”

Section: Experimental Results Are Presentedmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The column used in this investigation is of the concentric cylinder type, and a similar column has been described in detail elsewhere (8 , 1 5 ) . The column is 6 ft. long with eleven sample taps equally spaced along the length of the column (Figure 2 ) .…”

Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of column length on separation in thermogravitational thermal diffusion columns

Crownover

Powers

1962

AIChE Journal

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A series of experiments was designed to test the phenomenological theory of thermogravitational thermal diffusion columns by obtaining doto on the steady stote separation and approach to equilibrium in a batch column as a function of column length. Data were obtoined on the separation of an equimolar n-heptane-benzene solution a t five different values of column length varying from 14.5 in. to 6 ft. All measurements were made in one concentric cylinder column in which the effective length was varied by controlling the liquid level in the annulus.Helium gas was used to displace the air in the annulus above the liquid in order to provide even temperature distribution throughout the column. The data were found to substantiate the effect of length predicted by application of the phenomenological theory and to be in very good agreement with other aspects of the theory.

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Separation of Organic Liquid Mixtures by Thermal Diffusion

Cited by 56 publications

References 10 publications

Study of the Soret Effect in Hydrocarbon Chain/Aromatic Compound Mixtures

Study of the Soret Effect in Hydrocarbon Chain/Aromatic Compound Mixtures

Formation of Protocell-like Vesicles in a Thermal Diffusion Column

The effect of column length on separation in thermogravitational thermal diffusion columns

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