Separation of human colostral macrophages and neutrophils on gelatin and collagen-serum substrata.

Tsuda, Hiromasa; Wd, Dickey; Goldman, Armond S.

doi:10.1247/csf.8.367

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Different from our findings in which we demonstrated a higher proportion of opsonin-independent stimulation in MM⌽, O 2 -production in human MM⌽ has been reported to be equal to BMo after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan (7,12,13 (14), the O 2 -generation was related to the absolute amount of protein instead of the quantity of cells.…”

Section: Stimulation Without Inhibitorscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Superoxide Anion Generation in Human Milk Macrophages: Opsonin-Dependent Versus Opsonin-Independent Stimulation Compared with Blood Monocytes

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Macrophages are believed to play an important role within the immunoprotective effects of human breast milk. It was the purpose of this study to evaluate the capability of human milk macrophages (MM⌽) to generate superoxide anions (O 2 -) in comparison with peripheral blood monocytes (BMo) after stimulation with opsonized and unopsonized zymosan. Potential inhibitors of attachment and phagocytosis such as mannose and cytochalasin B were used. Expression of the mannose receptor on MM⌽ was demonstrated by staining with MAb. BMo generated more O 2 -than MM⌽ (417 Ϯ 79 versus 216 Ϯ 15 nmol O 2 -/mg protein, p Ͻ 0.05) after stimulation with opsonized zymosan. When unopsonized zymosan was used as a serum-independent stimulus, BMo generated slightly less O 2 -in comparison with MM⌽ (150 Ϯ 34 versus 176 Ϯ 18 nmol O 2 -/mg protein, p Ͻ 0.05). These findings imply a higher proportion of opsoninindependent phagocytosis in MM⌽ than in BMo (82 versus 36%). Preincubation with mannose resulted in a significantly higher reduction of O 2 -generation in MM⌽ compared with BMo stimulated with opsonized zymosan, whereas no difference was found when unopsonized zymosan was used. After addition of cytochalasin B, equal inhibition of O 2 -generation was observed regardless of the cell type or stimulus used. Thus, MM⌽ are stimulated to a greater extent by serum-independent mechanisms than BMo. As opsonins like complement or IgG are rare in the colostrum and the neonatal intestinal environment, such a differentiation toward serum-independent phagocytic abilities could play an important role for protective functions of human MM⌽. Besides well-known nutritional benefits, transfer of antimicrobial activity is of great importance in infant breast-feeding. A great variety of humoral defense factors (e.g. secretory Ig, especially sIgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, oligosaccharides, mucins, and others) contribute to the beneficial effects. In addition, large numbers of viable cells are present in human colostrum and breast milk with a high proportion of macrophages likely being responsible for antiinfectious properties.These human MM⌽ with a diameter of 18 to 40 m contain a high amount of phagocytosed lipids, "foamy cells." Their morphologic and cytochemical properties are similar to differentiated macrophages. For example, they bear Fc receptors for different subclasses of IgG, IgA, and C3b receptors and synthesize various humoral defensive factors such as complement factors, lactoferrin, and lysozyme (1-5).Because human MM⌽ remain viable in conditions similar to those in the small intestine (6), show relative resistance to an environment with a pH Ͻ3, and resist trypsinization (7), it seems very likely that MM⌽ can develop their immunoprotective functions within the gastrointestinal tract of the breast-fed baby.Interaction of macrophage membrane receptors with complementary coating substances on a pathogen's surface is well described as opsonophagocytosis. These coatings (opsonins), derived from various sites of the hosts immune system, consist of b...

show abstract

Section: Stimulation Without Inhibitorscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Superoxide Anion Generation in Human Milk Macrophages: Opsonin-Dependent Versus Opsonin-Independent Stimulation Compared with Blood Monocytes

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These leukocytes in human milk, however, display unusual morphology (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) including many lipid-filled vacuoles, milk fat globules, and casein micelles. Because of those unusual features and the suggestive clinical evidence that certain enteric pathogens may not evoke an inflammatory response in breastfed infants, we hypothesized that HMLs may not protect the recipient by mechanisms that are expected from PBLs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Response of Human Milk Leukocytes to Chemoattractant Peptides

et al. 1986

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. To test the hypothesis that neutrophils and macrophages in human milk may not defend by classical inflammatory mechanisms, experiments were conducted to ascertain whether adherence, orientation, and directed motility of these leukocytes would be enhanced by exposure to chemoattractant peptides including N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-phenylalanine and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine and C5a generated from zymosan activated human serum. Adherence and spatial orientation were tested on coverglasses and in Zigmond chambers, and chemotaxis was examined by Boyden chambers and a subagarose technique. Whereas, the adherence, orientation, and directed movement of adult peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes were significantly enhanced by those chemotactic agents, human milk leukocytes failed to respond. The failure of the response of human milk leukocytes was not due to alterations in maternal peripheral blood leukocytes but appeared to be due partially to inhibitors in human milk. The experiments suggest that human milk leukocytes may be modified in the mammary gland to protect by noninflammatory mechanisms. There is considerable evidence that breast-fed infants, particularly in underdeveloped countries, are protected against gastrointestinal pathogens (for review, see References 1-3). The manner in which this protection occurs is not known despite a host of descriptive studies of the immunologic system in human milk. Epidemiologic investigations suggest, however, that the protection may not depend upon the induction of inflammation by host resistance factors in human milk. For example, when infants from rural Central America received human milk natu-

show abstract

“…Three recent reports indicate that neutrophils and macrophages in human milk are unable to respond to chemoattractants by increasing their adherence (15), orientation (15), or directed movement (15)(16)(17). There is recent evidence, however, that these leukocytes generate a direct oxidative burst in response to phagocytosis or other surface membrane pertubations (18).…”

Section: Immunologic System In Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic System in Human Milk

1986

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Separation of human colostral macrophages and neutrophils on gelatin and collagen-serum substrata.

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Superoxide Anion Generation in Human Milk Macrophages: Opsonin-Dependent Versus Opsonin-Independent Stimulation Compared with Blood Monocytes

Superoxide Anion Generation in Human Milk Macrophages: Opsonin-Dependent Versus Opsonin-Independent Stimulation Compared with Blood Monocytes

Decreased Response of Human Milk Leukocytes to Chemoattractant Peptides

Immunologic System in Human Milk

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About