Separation of cobalt and nickel in leach solutions of spent nickel-metal hydride batteries using aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS)

Valadares, Alberto; Valadares, Clara França; Lemos, Leandro Rodrigues de; Mageste, Aparecida Barbosa; Rodrigues, Guilherme Dias

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2018.09.006

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…To boost the extraction efficiency, additional inorganic (thiocyanates and iodides of alkali metals) [20,23,24] and organic complex forms (dithizone, PAN, Arsenazo III, etc.) [25,26] are introduced into such systems, which allow for the quantitative extraction of metal ions into a polymer phase). However, the introduction of most of these chemicals does not correspond to one of the principles of green chemistry, i.e., a reduction in the toxic and harmful substances used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Extraction of Metals in an Aqueous Two-Phase System Based on Poly(Ethylene Oxide) 1500 and Sodium Nitrate

et al. 2019

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This article presents an ecologically safe aqueous two-phase system based on poly(ethylene oxide) with a molecular weight of 1500, designed for complex extraction of Ni(II), Co(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), and Al(III) from nitrate solutions. A kinetic dependence has been investigated for a distribution ratio for the metals examined. The influence of pH-values, temperature, initial metal concentration, and nitric acid content have on the extraction of a wide range of metals in the heterogeneous poly(ethylene oxide) 1500-NaNO3-H2O system has been discovered. As a result, the complex extraction of metals (EMe > 60%) was achieved in one step of extraction without introducing additional chemicals into the system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Extraction of Metals in an Aqueous Two-Phase System Based on Poly(Ethylene Oxide) 1500 and Sodium Nitrate

et al. 2019

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“…REEs may either be recovered by solvent extraction (Xie et al, 2014;Paulino et al, 2018) or precipitated as oxalates (Fernandes et al, 2013;Josso et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2014;Oliveira et al, 2017). The use of aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) and ion-exchange resins have been also tested for REE recovery (Valadares et al, 2018;Fila et al, 2019). Multiple stages are generally required to separate Co(II) from Ni(II), which have similar chemical properties (Gaines, 2018;Dhiman and Gupta, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RECOVERY OF METALS FROM ELECTROACTIVE COMPONENTS OF SPENT Ni-MH BATTERIES AFTER LEACHING WITH FORMIC ACID

2021

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this work describes a route for recovering nickel, cobalt, iron, zinc and lanthanides from spent nickel-metal hydride batteries. Formic acid was used as leachant. Experiments were run at 25-50°C for 1-4 h. Under the best conditions leaching yields surpassed 99 wt.%, except for iron. The insoluble matter contains almost solely iron as iron(III) basic formate. The leachate went through six separation procedures, combining solvent extraction with D2EHPA as extractant, and precipitation reactions. Fe2+ and Zn2+ were extracted together (> 99 wt.%) from the original leachate (pH ~1.5). Yttrium and lanthanides were precipitated as oxalates directly from the raffinate (> 99.9 wt.%) upon addition of sodium oxalate. In the next steps, Mn2+ and Co2+ were extracted with D2EHPA at buffered pH (3 and ~4.8, respectively), after adding NaOHaq. About 10 wt.% of leached Ni2+ was coextracted with Co2+. The remaining Ni2+ was precipitated from the raffinate after addition of aqueous sodium oxalate at pH 6. After precipitation of Al3+ upon addition of NaOHaq. until pH ~8, sodium formate was recovered after slow evaporation of the final aqueous solution at 60oC. It contains ~90 wt.% of the formate present in the leachant.

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“…[2][3][4] It is mainly used as alloying metal, 5 blue colourant, 5-7 catalyst [8][9][10] or as a component of (rechargeable) batteries, with a typical cobalt content of 5-20 wt%. [11][12][13][14] Due to the rapidly growing rechargeable battery industry, mainly for its use in electrical vehicles, the demand for cobalt is increasing at a fast pace. [14][15][16] To meet this high demand in the future, cobalt recycling technologies must be further explored and/or improved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,17,18 A variety of methods have already been applied to recover cobalt, many of them based on cobalt recovery from waste lithium ion batteries (LIBs) 14,[19][20][21][22] or nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries. 12,[23][24][25] The methods for the recovery of cobalt from aqueous solutions vary between aqueous two-phase system extraction, 12,26 electrowinning, 27,28 cementation, 29,30 solvent extraction, 24,31 solvent extraction followed by electrowinning, [32][33][34][35] solvent extraction followed by precipitation 23,25,36 or precipitation as such. 21,22 The recovery of cobalt from aqueous solutions has also been performed using various solid-phase extraction systems, including solid adsorbent materials based on activated carbon (AC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of cobalt from dilute aqueous solutions using activated carbon–alginate composite spheres impregnated with Cyanex 272

et al. 2019

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A novel adsorbent was designed for selective recovery of cobalt(II) from synthetic binary cobalt(II)-nickel(II) and cobalt(II)-manganese(II) solutions, a synthetic multi-element solution and a real aqueous waste stream from the petrochemical sector. The adsorbent consisted of shaped activated carbon-alginate spheres impregnated with Cyanex 272. The synthesis was followed by characterisation using SEM, infrared spectroscopy, BET analysis and elemental analysis. Good selectivity for cobalt(II) over nickel(II) could be achieved during adsorption, while this was not the case for cobalt(II) over manganese(II). Cobalt(II) and manganese(II) were therefore fully adsorbed and stripped using a dilute sulphuric acid solution. The adsorbent was shown to be reusable in a column setup. Finally, the adsorbent material was used for the purification of a real aqueous waste stream from the petrochemical sector.

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Separation of cobalt and nickel in leach solutions of spent nickel-metal hydride batteries using aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS)

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

Complex Extraction of Metals in an Aqueous Two-Phase System Based on Poly(Ethylene Oxide) 1500 and Sodium Nitrate

Complex Extraction of Metals in an Aqueous Two-Phase System Based on Poly(Ethylene Oxide) 1500 and Sodium Nitrate

RECOVERY OF METALS FROM ELECTROACTIVE COMPONENTS OF SPENT Ni-MH BATTERIES AFTER LEACHING WITH FORMIC ACID

Recovery of cobalt from dilute aqueous solutions using activated carbon–alginate composite spheres impregnated with Cyanex 272

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