Separation of carnitine and acylcarnitines in biological samples: a review

Mansour, Fotouh R.; Wei, Wenjun; Danielson, Neil D.

doi:10.1002/bmc.2995

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…The decrease of C0 contents under the action of both metal nanoparticles was observed. Free carnitine (C0) or l -3-hydroxy-4- N -trimethylaminobutyrate is a quaternary ammonium compound, which plays a major role in fatty acid transport in living cells [ 16 ]. Our data indicate that metal nanoparticles affect the conversion process of carnitine to acylcarnitines resulting, respectively, in the reduction of their contents and, in some cases, their vanishing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Copper And Zinc Nanoparticles on the Growth Parameters, Contents of Ascorbic Acid, and Qualitative Composition of Amino Acids and Acylcarnitines in Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae)

et al. 2016

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The paper covers the research of copper and zinc nanoparticle effect on the content of ascorbic acid, and quantitative and qualitative composition of amino acids and acylcarnitines in Pistia stratiotes L. plants. Plant exposition to copper nanoparticles led to the decrease in (1) the amount of ascorbic acid, (2) the total content of amino acids (by 25 %), and (3) the amount of all studied amino acids except for the glycine amino acid. At this, the amount of 5-oxoproline, arginine, leucine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, and tyrosine was two times lower than in control plants. The reduction of the contents of 8 out of 12 investigated acylcarnitines (namely C0, C2, C3, C5, C6, C8, C16, C18:1) was observed in plants under the influence of copper nanoparticles. The result of plants incubation with zinc nanoparticles was the decrease in (1) the amount of ascorbic acid, (2) the total content of amino acids (by 15 %), (3) the content of leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, and tyrosine (more than twice), and (4) the content of 10 acylcarnitines (C0, C2, C3, C4, C5, C10, C16, C18, C18:1, C18:2). The observed reduction in amino acid contents may negatively affect plants adaptive reactions associated with de novo synthesis of stress proteins. At the same time, the decrease in the content of acylcarnitines, responsible for fatty acid transportation, may lead to the changes in the activity and direction of lipid metabolism in plants and reduce plant’s ability to use free fatty acids as the oxidation substrate for cell reparation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Copper And Zinc Nanoparticles on the Growth Parameters, Contents of Ascorbic Acid, and Qualitative Composition of Amino Acids and Acylcarnitines in Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae)

et al. 2016

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“…Carnitine and ACs are involved in FA oxidation and organic acid metabolism, and are considered important biomarkers for metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, hepatic encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy 40 41 . Long-chain FAs are unable to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane without esterification in the cytosole ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum lipid alterations identified in chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus-associated cirrhosis and carcinoma patients

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The incidences of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated cirrhosis and HBV-associated carcinoma are high and increasing. This study was designed to evaluate serum lipid metabolite changes that are associated with the progression from CHB to HBV-associated cirrhosis and ultimately to HBV-associated HCC. A targeted metabolomic assay was performed in fasting sera from 136 CHB patients, 104 HBV-associated cirrhosis, and 95 HBV-associated HCC using ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. A total of 140 metabolites were identified. Clear separations between each two groups were obtained using the partial least squares discriminate analysis of 9 lipid metabolites. Progressively lower levels of long-chain lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPC a C18:2, lysoPC a C20:3, lysoPC a C20:4) were observed from CHB to cirrhosis to carcinoma; lower levels of lysoPC a C20:4 were found in patients with higher model for end-stage liver disease in the same disease group; and lysoPC a C20:3 levels were lower in Child-Pugh Class C than in Class A and Class B in HBV-associated cirrhosis and HBV-associated HCC groups. The octadecadienyl carnitine level was higher in HBV-associated cirrhosis group than in other two groups. Serum levels of selected long-chain lysoPCs are promising markers for the progression of HBV-associated liver diseases.

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“…Liquid chromatography (LC) has been extensively used in pharmaceutical (Siddiqui, AlOthman & Rahman, 2017) and biomedical analysis of drugs (Mansour & Danielson, 2012;Mansour, Wei & Danielson, 2013), metabolites (Mansour & Danielson, 2012;Schleicher et al, 2016), impurities (Ragab & El-Kimary, 2017;Mabrouk et al, 2019c), biomarkers (Liu et al, 2015), and xenobiotics (Asimakopoulos et al, 2016) for decades. Among the common chromatographic modes of LC, reversed phase LC (RPLC), ion pair chromatography (IPC), and hydrophilic interaction LC (HILIC) have been recently reported for determination of GSH (Table 1).…”

Section: Liquid Chromatographic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods for determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids

Hamad

Elshahawy

Negm

et al. 2020

Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

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AbstractGlutathione is a natural tripeptide that plays a major role in different physiological processes in the human body. Determination of glutathione in different body fluids and tissues is essential for early diagnosis and follow-up of various diseases. The assay of glutathione is problematic because of the high polarity, the limited stability, and the aliphatic structure, which lacks the appropriate chromophore for UV detection. A number of methods have been reported for determination of glutathione using different techniques. High-performance liquid chromatography was employed in both reverse phase and hydrophilic interaction modes. Electrochemical methods exploited the redox activity of glutathione to allow for quantification by different electrodes after chemical modification, including glassy carbon, carbon paste, and nanocomposite electrodes. Capillary zone electrophoresis was used with less need for derivatization which makes it simpler, faster, and more economic. A number of nanosensors and probes have been developed to assay glutathione in biological fluids using semiconductor nanoparticles, quantum dots, genetically engineered green fluorescent probes, and new derivatives of known dye classes. This work is an updated review of the methods of analysis of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids with more emphasis on the technical problems and the assay artifacts.

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Separation of carnitine and acylcarnitines in biological samples: a review

Cited by 27 publications

References 71 publications

The Effect of Copper And Zinc Nanoparticles on the Growth Parameters, Contents of Ascorbic Acid, and Qualitative Composition of Amino Acids and Acylcarnitines in Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae)

The Effect of Copper And Zinc Nanoparticles on the Growth Parameters, Contents of Ascorbic Acid, and Qualitative Composition of Amino Acids and Acylcarnitines in Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae)

Serum lipid alterations identified in chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus-associated cirrhosis and carcinoma patients

Analytical methods for determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids

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