Separation of bastnäsite from fluorite using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid as depressant

Cao, Zhi-Hao; Cao, Yongdan; Qu, Qiqi; Zhang, Jinshan; Mu, Yufan

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2019.01.030

Cited by 56 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Conversely, SHA adsorbs with an energy of −48.9 kJ/mol through a single monodentate interaction with surface Ce 3+ , along with two hydrogen bonds with surface anionic groups. Previous work highlights the role of hydrogen bonding in SHA adsorption to mineral surfaces and describes a bidentate chelation binding mechanism between the hydroxamic acid moiety and the surface ( Cao et al., 2019 ). In contrast, the lowest-energy structure for SHA on bastnäsite that we present in Figure 1 is 6.5 kJ/mol more stable than the complex in which SHA exhibits bidentate chelation, revealing in a surface-perpendicular orientation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the inception of collection with hydroxamic acid ligands, extensive progress has been made in describing the interactions between the hydroxamic acid group ( Scheme 1 , with pKa values from Humbert et al., 1998 , Khalil et al., 2007 ) and metal ions in terms of chemisorption on REE mineral surfaces and weaker adsorption on gangue ( Anderson, 2015 ; Cao et al., 2019 ; Marion et al., 2020 ; Nagaraj, 2018 ; Pradip and Fuerstenau, 1983 , 1985 ; Xiong et al., 2020 ). Typically, chemisorption results in chelation, forming a five-membered ring through interactions between both hydroxamic oxygen atoms and a surface cation ( Nagaraj, 2018 ; Ren et al., 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Molecular-Scale Approach to Rare-Earth Beneficiation: Thinking Small to Avoid Large Losses

et al. 2020

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Summary Separating rare-earth-element-rich minerals from unwanted gangue in mined ores relies on selective binding of collector molecules at the interface to facilitate froth flotation. Salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) exhibits enhanced selectivity for bastnäsite over calcite in microflotation experiments. Through a multifaceted approach, leveraging density functional theory calculations, and advanced spectroscopic methods, we provide molecular-level mechanistic insight to this selectivity. The hydroxamic acid moiety introduces strong interactions at metal-atom surface sites and hinders subsurface-cation stabilization at vacancy-defect sites, in calcite especially. Resulting from hydrogen-bond-induced interactions, SHA lies flat on the bastnäsite surface and shows a tendency for multilayer formation at high coverages. In this conformation, SHA complexation with bastnäsite metal ions is stabilized, leading to advanced flotation performance. In contrast, SHA lies perpendicular to the calcite surface due to a difference in cationic spacing. We anticipate that these insights will motivate rational design and selection of future collector molecules for enhanced ore beneficiation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Molecular-Scale Approach to Rare-Earth Beneficiation: Thinking Small to Avoid Large Losses

et al. 2020

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“…Minerals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 11 In China, the Mianning rare earth deposit is an alkaline pegmatite carbonate-type rare earth deposit with total industrial reserve of 1.3 Mt at an average grade of REO 3.7 wt % [7,8]. Froth flotation is applied for the separation of the bastnaesite ore [9,10]. After the raw ore is crushed and ground, the salicylhydroxamic acid or sodium oleate can be used as a collector for separating bastnaesite from associated gangue minerals (calcium-bearing minerals) [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calcium-bearing minerals (such as calcite, fluorite) have chemical properties and hydrophilicity, which makes it difficult to separate these minerals [15][16][17][18]. 10 20 30 40 50 60 The flotation reagents play a vital role in the development of rare earth beneficiation technology, and hydroxamate collectors have been successfully applied to the flotation of rare earth minerals because of their high selectivity and strong collective capabilities. The study of the 1-hydroxyl-2-naphthyl hydroxamic acid (H203) collector claimed chemical adsorption between oxygen atoms of H203 and rare earth ions, generating five-element chelate rings, and physical adsorption [6,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bastnaesite, Barite, and Calcite Flotation Behaviors with Salicylhydroxamic Acid as the Collector

et al. 2020

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The flotation of bastnaesite, as a major mineral source of rare earth elements, attracting much attention in the mineral processing field, is challenging owing to the natural flotability of calcium-bearing minerals. To promote the application of flotation, we systematically investigated the flotation behavior of bastnaesite, barite, and calcite, with salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) as the collector through micro-flotation experiments, zeta-potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, and solution chemistry analyses. Micro-flotation experiments confirm that the flotability of bastnaesite is high at pH 6.5–8.5, while calcite floats at pH 8.0–9.5, and barite has little flotation response. The results of FT-IR, XPS, and zeta-potential measurements indicate that there is chemical adsorption of SHA on the bastnaesite surface, and physical adsorption also occurs. However, as for barite and calcite, there is only physical adsorption of SHA on the surfaces. The solution chemistry results show that SHA anions can interact with RE3+, REOH2+, and RE(OH)2+ on bastnaesite surfaces in aqueous suspensions, resulting in bastnaesite flotation.

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“…More than 70% of rare-earth products obtained by smelting and separation in industrial production are from bastnasite concentrate. 1 Oxidative roasting decomposition of bastnasite is a mature decomposition technology for industrial applications. 2 However, this method has the following drawbacks: (1) conventional electric heating or natural gas heating has high energy consumption, and the roasting process has a low energy efficiency; (2) while bastnasite decomposes, the oxidation rate of cerium (ORC) is over 96%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Optimization and Modeling of Microwave Roasting of Bastnasite Concentrate Using Response Surface Methodology

Zheng

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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The investigation of the dielectric properties of bastnasite concentrate has critical directing centrality for the microwave roasting process of bastnasite concentrate. The dielectric properties are correlated with information such as thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry and temperature rise curves. This combination permits a targeted study of the mechanism of the microwave roasting process, providing new evidence about the unique conditions of this microwave roasting process. This work also explores the response surface methodology based on a central composite design to optimize the microwave non-oxidative roasting process. Single-factor tests were conducted to determine the suitable range of factors such as the content of activated carbon, holding time, and roasting temperature. The interactions between parameters were investigated through the analysis of variance method. It was indicated that the models are available to navigate the design space. Also, the optimal roasting temperature, content of activated carbon, and holding time were 1100 °C, 20%, and 21.5 min, respectively. Under these conditions, the decomposition rate of bastnasite concentrate (hereinafter to be referred as DRBC) and the oxidation rate of cerium (hereinafter to be referred as ORC) was 99.8% and less than 0.3%, respectively. The new non-oxidizing roasting method significantly shortens the roasting time, reduces the energy consumption, and has great significance for industrial applications.

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Separation of bastnäsite from fluorite using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid as depressant

Cited by 56 publications

References 35 publications

A Molecular-Scale Approach to Rare-Earth Beneficiation: Thinking Small to Avoid Large Losses

A Molecular-Scale Approach to Rare-Earth Beneficiation: Thinking Small to Avoid Large Losses

Bastnaesite, Barite, and Calcite Flotation Behaviors with Salicylhydroxamic Acid as the Collector

Process Optimization and Modeling of Microwave Roasting of Bastnasite Concentrate Using Response Surface Methodology

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