Separation of apple procyanidins into different degrees of polymerization by high-speed counter-current chromatography

Shibusawa, Yöichi; Yanagida, Akio; Isozaki, Mitsuhiro; Shindo, Heisaburo; Ito, Yoichiro

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00575-1

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although the first CCC separation of antioxidant phytochemicals was done nearly two decades ago by Putman and Butler for the separation of condensed tannins [153], a great number of HSCCC applications have been reported in the past several years, particularly in the separation and preparation of active ingredients from traditional herbal medicines including antioxidants [147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166]. Procyanidins in apple, were successfully separated by using type-J multilayer coil planet centrifugation with a two-phase solvent system composed of tert-butylmethylether-acetonitrile-water and/or a system containing methyl acetate-water [154,155].…”

Section: High-speed Counter-current Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation procedures for naturally occurring antioxidant phytochemicals

Tsao

Deng

2004

Journal of Chromatography B

164

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Section: High-speed Counter-current Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation procedures for naturally occurring antioxidant phytochemicals

Tsao

Deng

2004

Journal of Chromatography B

164

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“…To overcome these problems, separation using liquid-liquid chromatography has attracted researches as a more efficient approach. Shibusawaa, Yanagidaa, Isozakia, Shindoa, and Ito [5] separated apple PAs with regard to degree of polymerization (DP) using high speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC). Liquid-liquid chromatographic techniques such as HSCCC or sequential centrifugal partition chromatography (SCPC) are covering an important niche among the chromatographic methods applied for the isolation of secondary plant metabolites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of cocoa proanthocyanidins and their fractionation by sequential centrifugal partition chromatography and gel permeation chromatography

Pedan

Fischer

Rohn³

2016

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Cocoa beans contain secondary metabolites ranging from simple alkaloids to complex polyphenols with most of them believed to possess significant health benefits. The increasing interest in these health effects has prompted the need to develop techniques for their extraction, fractionation, separation, and analysis. This work provides an update on analytical procedures with a focus on establishing a gentle extraction technique. Cocoa beans were finely ground to an average particle size of <100 μm, defatted at 20 °C using n-hexane, and extracted three times with 50 % aqueous acetone at 50 °C. Determination of the total phenolic content was done using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, the concentration of individual polyphenols was analyzed by electrospray ionization high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ESI-HPLC/MS). Fractions of bioactive compounds were separated by combining sequential centrifugal partition chromatography (SCPC) and gel permeation column chromatography using Sephadex LH-20. For SCPC, a two-phase solvent system consisting of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (4:1:5, v/v/v) was successfully applied for the separation of theobromine, caffeine, and representatives of the two main phenolic compound classes flavan-3-ols and flavonols. Gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 using a stepwise elution sequence with aqueous acetone has been shown for effectively separating individual flavan-3-ols. Separation was obtained for (-)-epicatechin, proanthocyanidin dimer B2, trimer C1, and tetramer cinnamtannin A2. The purity of alkaloids and phenolic compounds was determined by HPLC analysis and their chemical identity was confirmed by mass spectrometry.

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“…Working without support matrix or solid stationary phase, there is no irreversible adsorption of sample onto the solid support as common in conventional chromatography as a large amount of sample was injected and constituents with high purity were obtained in one experiment. Hence, it was widely applied in the fields of biochemistry [2], environmental analysis [3], and agriculture and food chemistry [4], especially in the separation of bioactive components from natural medicinal herbs [5]. As an advanced separation tool, HSCCC has been successfully coupled with some detectors, such as UV [6] and evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) [7], to monitor the separation of compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%