Separation Iron(III)-Manganese(II) via Supported Liquid Membrane Technology in the Treatment of Spent Alkaline Batteries

Abstract

In this paper, the transport of iron(III) from iron(III)-manganese(II)-hydrochloric acid mixed solutions, coming from the treatment of spent alkaline batteries through a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane, is investigated (the carrier phase being of Cyanex 923 (commercially available phosphine oxide extractant) dissolved in Solvesso 100 (commercially available diluent)). Iron(III) transport is studied as a function of hydrodynamic conditions, the concentration of manganese and HCl in the feed phase, and the carrier concentration in the membrane phase. A transport model is derived that describes the transport mechanism, consisting of diffusion through a feed aqueous diffusion layer, a fast interfacial chemical reaction, and diffusion of the iron(III) species-Cyanex 923 complex across the membrane phase. The membrane diffusional resistance (Δm) and feed diffusional resistance (Δf) are calculated from the model, and their values are 145 s/cm and 361 s/cm, respectively. It is apparent that the transport of iron(III) is mainly controlled by diffusion through the aqueous feed boundary layer, this being the thickness of this layer calculated as 2.9 × 10−3 cm. Since manganese(II) is not transported through the membrane phase, the present system allows the purification of these manganese-bearing solutions.

Supported Liquid Membranes for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Aqueous Solutions

“…The characteristics of both membranes are mentioned in the previous section. The use of PVDF as support for liquid membrane has been reported by various research studies for the separation, recovery, and extraction of different chemicals [17,18,30].…”

“…SLMs have been extensively used for the recovery of metals from industrial process streams. Several authors have reported the recovery of metal and anions such as copper, zinc, nickel, Cr (VI), Hg, and cadmium through liquid membrane contactors [15][16][17][18].…”

“…Diclofenac([2-(2,6-Dichloroanilino)phenyl]aceticacid) and ibuprofen (methylpropyl)phenyl)propanoic acid) are typical representatives of analgesic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical compounds (NSAIDs).these types of drugs are easily accessible and sold over the counter [19].Traces of diclofenac are found in the effluent of water and was listed in the European first watch substances list [23] and for ibuprofen was found in sewage treatment plants effluents and surface water at concentrations ranging from 600 to 85,000 ng/L in parts of Europe, Canada, and USA [9,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In addition to anti-inflammatory, the emergence of psychiatric drugs in drinking water has garnered a lot of scientific interest, particularly with regard to the effects of longterm exposure.…”

Separation of Chromium (VI), Copper and Zinc: Chemistry of Transport of Metal Ions across Supported Liquid Membrane

“…As with solvent extraction, selective recovery of metal ions can be achieved through use of suitable extractant and manipulating chemistry of feed and stripping phases [ 7 , 8 , 10 ]. In many SLM studies, which involved recovering copper, chelating oxime extractants were found to transport copper preferably over other metal ions [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], whereas solvating extractants such as Cyanex 923 were succesful in transporting metals that assumed metal-salt forms in aqueous feed [ 14 , 15 ]. Some studies employed ionic liquids with tailorable chemical structure to facilitate transport of target metal ions [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Locally Sourced Charcoal Removes Excess Fe from Seawater - Effect of Sorbent Size on the Adsorption Properties

“…The conventional chemical techniques for trace metal control include precipitation, ion exchange [7], electrocoagulation [8], membrane separation [9], reverse osmosis [10], electrodialysis [11], solvent extraction [12], phytoextraction [13], ultrafiltration [14], adsorption, etc. [15][16][17].…”