Separation and recovery of metal values from leach liquor of waste lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide based cathodes

Chen, Xiangping; Zhou, Tao; Kong, Jiangrong; Fang, Huaxiong; Chen, Yongbin

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2014.11.039

Cited by 85 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, the rate of recycling of end-of-life (EoL) products at 68 %i s much higher than for most other metals. [44] These disadvantages led to various alternative approaches being studied that comprise mechanical pretreatment, acid or microbial leaching, and subsequent cobalt separation. [43] This process is characterized by high efficiencyand high throughput, whereas the formation of toxic gases,the high energy requirements,and dust emissions are problematic.Inaddition, pyrometallurgical processes are followed by hydrometallurgical processes for separation and purification.…”

Section: Recycling Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[43] This process is characterized by high efficiencyand high throughput, whereas the formation of toxic gases,the high energy requirements,and dust emissions are problematic.Inaddition, pyrometallurgical processes are followed by hydrometallurgical processes for separation and purification. [44] These disadvantages led to various alternative approaches being studied that comprise mechanical pretreatment, acid or microbial leaching, and subsequent cobalt separation. [45] Theseparation of cobalt from the polymetallic digestion solution is carried out, in particular, by means of solvent extraction, for example,w ith Cyanex 272 or tri-nbutylphosphate, [46] but also by electrochemical processes [47] and selective precipitation, for example,a st he oxalate (CoC 2 O 4 ·2 H 2 O).…”

Section: Recycling Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[45] Theseparation of cobalt from the polymetallic digestion solution is carried out, in particular, by means of solvent extraction, for example,w ith Cyanex 272 or tri-nbutylphosphate, [46] but also by electrochemical processes [47] and selective precipitation, for example,a st he oxalate (CoC 2 O 4 ·2 H 2 O). [44] 5. Gallium…”

Section: Recycling Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Valuable Metals—Recovery Processes, Current Trends, and Recycling Strategies

et al. 2017

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This Review provides an overview of valuable metals, the supply of which has been classified as critical for Europe. Starting with a description of the current state of the art, novel approaches for their recovery from primary resources are presented as well as recycling processes. The focus lies on developments since 2005. Chemistry strategies which are used in metal recovery are summarized on the basis of the individual types of deposit and mineral. In addition, the economic importance as well as utilization of the metals is outlined.

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Section: Recycling Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recycling Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valuable Metals—Recovery Processes, Current Trends, and Recycling Strategies

et al. 2017

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“…The usage of LIBs has remarkably extended to electrical appliances, portable electronics, electric vehicles, and power grids [2]. Accordingly, a large number of spent LIBs have surely been generated due to their limited life spans and the rapid rate at which electronic products are updated [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Incorporated Sn in Resynthesized Ni-Rich Cathode Materials on Their Lithium-Ion Battery Performance

Kang

Lee

Kwon

et al. 2017

Metals

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LiNi x Co y Mn z (NCM), one of the most promising candidates for high-capacity cathode materials in Li-ion batteries (LIBs), is synthesized with various amounts of Sn. Sn-incorporated NCM from the resynthesis of NMC in leach liquor containing Sn from spent LIBs is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, particle strength tests, and electrochemical tests. Sn-incorporated NCM has a globular form, and the uniform distribution of Sn inside cathode materials is confirmed. As Sn is introduced, the (003) diffraction peak tends to shift to a smaller angle and particle breaking strength increases. It is found that Sn-incorporated cathode active materials have better cycle performance and rate capability than pristine cathode active material although the discharge capacity slightly decreases. Because there is a trade-off between decreased discharge capacity and improved cycling and rate performance, the incorporation of Sn in resynthesized NCM should be carefully designed and conducted.

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“…The production and demand of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have significantly increased due to the wide applications in communication, consumer electronics, transportation, power grid and portable appliances [1][2][3]. The annual production of LIBs increased by 800% throughout the world from 2000 to 2010 [2], which would be further stimulated by the development of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%