Separation and properties of the NAD-linked and NADP-linked isozymes of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase in Euglena gracilis

Tokunaga, Masao; Nakano, Yoshihisa; Kitaoka, Shôzaburô

doi:10.1016/0005-2744(76)90029-2

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Mitochondria were purified on discontinuous Percoll gradients as described by Inui et al (20). Marker enzyme activities of succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.16) for mitochondria (26), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) for the cytosol (27), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP ϩ ) (EC 1.2.1.13) for chloroplasts (28) were determined using the assays described, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and Mitochondrial Proteome Differ under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Hoffmeister¹,

Klei

Rotte

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Euglena gracilis cells grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were compared for their whole cell rhodoquinone and ubiquinone content and for major protein spots contained in isolated mitochondria as assayed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry sequencing. Anaerobically grown cells had higher rhodoquinone levels than aerobically grown cells in agreement with earlier findings indicating the need for fumarate reductase activity in anaerobic wax ester fermentation in Euglena. Microsequencing revealed components of complex III and complex IV of the respiratory chain and the E1␤ subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase to be present in mitochondria of aerobically grown cells but lacking in mitochondria from anaerobically grown cells. No proteins were identified as specific to mitochondria from anaerobically grown cells. cDNAs for the E1␣, E2, and E3 subunits of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase were cloned and shown to be differentially expressed under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Their expression patterns differed from that of mitochondrial pyruvate:NADP ؉ oxidoreductase, the N-terminal domain of which is pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, an enzyme otherwise typical of hydrogenosomes, hydrogen-producing forms of mitochondria found among anaerobic protists. The Euglena mitochondrion is thus a long sought intermediate that unites biochemical properties of aerobic and anaerobic mitochondria and hydrogenosomes because it contains both pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and rhodoquinone typical of hydrogenosomes and anaerobic mitochondria as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase and ubiquinone typical of aerobic mitochondria. Our data show that under aerobic conditions Euglena mitochondria are prepared for anaerobic function and furthermore suggest that the ancestor of mitochondria was a facultative anaerobe, segments of whose physiology have been preserved in the Euglena lineage.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and Mitochondrial Proteome Differ under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Hoffmeister¹,

Klei

Rotte

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, it has become apparent that the phytoflagellate E. gracilis converts 2-oxoglutarate to succinate by the decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate to SSA and oxidation of the latter to succinate (Tokunaga et al, 1976;Shigeoka & Nakano, 1991). The enzymes catalysing these reactions, 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase and NADP-or NAD-linked SSA dehydrogenase, were therefore assayed in M .…”

Section: Methylotrophus Synthesizes Glutamate But Not Succinyl-comentioning

confidence: 99%

Incomplete citric acid cycle obliges aminolevulinic acid synthesis via the C5 pathway in a methylotroph

Lloyd¹,

Weitzman²,

Söll³

1993

Journal of General Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

~~The enzymic activities of the citric acid cycle and the connected pathway of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) formation in the methylotroph Methyfophifus rnethyfotrophus (strain AS1) have been studied. The organism has the enzymes required for conversion of pyruvate to 2-oxoglutarate. Of these, isocitrate dehydrogenase is unusual because of its preference of NAD as coenzyme over NADP. In addition, the segment of the cycle that oxidizes 2-oxoglutarate to oxaloacetate is incomplete, lacking 2-oxoglutarate and succinate and malate dehydrogenase activities. Furthermore, alternative routes of 2-oxoglutarate oxidation to succinate are undetectable. The enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle are also absent. This suggests that the cycle in M. methylotrophus has no catabolic role and is purely biosynthetic. We also show that M. rnethyfotrophus uses the C, pathway of ALA formation. Cell-free extracts can convert glutamate to ALA in an ATP-, NADPH-and tRNA-dependent manner via the intermediate formation of Glu-tRNAG'" and glutamate 1-semialdehyde. Consistent with the absence of a detectable route by which it could synthesize succinate, M. rnethyfotrophus cannot generate ALA from succinyl-CoA and glycine, the pathway found in mammalian cells and yeast.

show abstract

“…Euglena gracilis z was cultured photoheterotrophically under CN-Cbl-limited conditions (50 ng/l) according to Tokunaga et al (32).…”

Section: Chemicals [G-3h]cn-cblmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion and Distribution of Cobalamin in Euglena gracilis z, with Special Reference to Its Location and Probable Function within Chloroplasts

Isegawa¹,

Nakano²,

Kitaoka³

1984

Plant Physiol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Separation and properties of the NAD-linked and NADP-linked isozymes of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase in Euglena gracilis

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and Mitochondrial Proteome Differ under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and Mitochondrial Proteome Differ under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Incomplete citric acid cycle obliges aminolevulinic acid synthesis via the C5 pathway in a methylotroph

Conversion and Distribution of Cobalamin in Euglena gracilis z, with Special Reference to Its Location and Probable Function within Chloroplasts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About