Separation and characterization of lignin obtained by catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment of cotton stalk

Wu, Miao; Zhao, Donghong; Pang, Jinhui; Zhang, Xueming; Li, Mingfei; Xu, Feng; Sun, Run‐Cang

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.12.056

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For instance, pulp and paper industries use Kraft and Soda processes for an efficient wood delignification to produce high quality cellulose fibers [19] . Other technologies like organosolv and hydrothermal treatments have been also applied to delignify different types of biomass, [20,21] leaving the polysaccharides fraction accessible for further conversion into added‐value products. However, those processes use non‐benign solvents and reagents, and are highly energy intensive [20] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Modifications of Biomass Polysaccharides during Thermal Treatment in Cholinium Chloride : Lactic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvent

et al. 2020

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A deep analysis upon the chemical modifications of the cellulose and hemicelluloses fractions that take place during biomass delignification with deep eutectic solvents (DES) is lacking in literature, being this a critical issue given the continued research on DES for this purpose. This work intends to fill this gap by disclosing a comprehensive study on the chemical modifications of cellulose (microcrystalline cellulose and bleached kraft pulp) and hemicelluloses (xylans) during thermal treatment (130 °C) with cholinium chloride/lactic acid ([Ch]Cl/LA) at molar ratio 1 : 10, one of the best reported DES for biomass delignification. The obtained data revealed that [Ch]Cl/LA (1 : 10) has a negative impact on the polysaccharides fractions at prolonged treatments (>4 h), resulting on substantial modifications including the esterification of cellulose with lactic acid, shortening of fibers length, fibers agglomeration and side reactions of the hemicelluloses fraction (e. g., humin formation, lactic acid grafting). Wood delignification trials with [Ch]Cl/LA (1 : 10) at the same conditions also corroborate these findings. Moreover, the DES suffers degradation, including the formation of lactic acid derivatives and its polymerization. Therefore, short time delignification treatments are strongly recommended when using the [Ch]Cl/LA DES, so that a sustainable fractionation of biomass into high quality cellulose fibers, isolated lignin, and xylose/furfural co‐production along with solvent recyclability could be achieved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Modifications of Biomass Polysaccharides during Thermal Treatment in Cholinium Chloride : Lactic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvent

et al. 2020

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“…As a consequence, the metal chlorides can break the inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonds of cellulose and the interaction between cellulose and lignin, enhancing the lignin extraction efficiency [55] . In the extraction of lignin, the cleavage of β-O-4 linkages occurred due to the presence of metal chlorides, and the degree of this cleavage was consistent with the acidity of the metal chlorides [56] . Besides hydrothermal system, other organic solvents were adopted for the dissolution of lignin from raw biomass.…”

Section: Single Solvent Systemmentioning

confidence: 69%

Selective extraction and conversion of lignin in actual biomass to monophenols: A review

Jiang

2016

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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“…The AL became fragmented, and the molecular weight became smaller. In addition, the Mw of the willow EMAL was smaller than that of poplar, cotton, and reeds (Kondo et al 1992;Liu et al 2012;Wu et al 2015). It was found that the PDIs (Table 1) of the two lignin polymers were narrow (Mw/Mn < 2.0).…”

Section: D-nmr Spectra Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Indeed, more focus had been directed to the "biorefinery" based on fast-growing hardwood (Ayrilmis and Kaymakci 2014). A wider application for it in the future therefore demands a deeper understanding of its lignin structure and its ensuing chemistry reaction (Wu et al 2015;Wen et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Elucidation of Structurally Diverse Willow Lignins

et al. 2016

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A new fast-growing wood raw material, willow (Salix matsudana cv. Zhuliu), was subjected to pulping to identify the structure of its lignin. Thus, the black liquor lignin (AL) and enzymatic mild acidolysis lignin (EMAL) were prepared, and their molecular structure and molecular weight of the isolated lignin polymers were comprehensively investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR HSQC), 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C-NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The NMR results showed that syringyl (S) unit was the predominant structural monomeric unit in willow lignin, as opposed to guaiacyl (G) and phydroxyphenyl (H) units. The S/G ratio for the EMAL was found to be 2.02, whereas that for the AL was 0.94. The lignin in the black liquor (AL) fraction was modified during pulping, as shown by its reduced molecular weight. The two isolated lignin polymers, EMAL and AL showed low weight-average molecular weight: 4127 g/mol and 3522.5 g/mol, and in addition they exhibited low polydispersity index (Mw/Mn < 2.0).

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Separation and characterization of lignin obtained by catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment of cotton stalk

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Unveiling Modifications of Biomass Polysaccharides during Thermal Treatment in Cholinium Chloride : Lactic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvent

Unveiling Modifications of Biomass Polysaccharides during Thermal Treatment in Cholinium Chloride : Lactic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvent

Selective extraction and conversion of lignin in actual biomass to monophenols: A review

Chemical Elucidation of Structurally Diverse Willow Lignins

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