Separating water‐potential induced swelling and shrinking from measured radial stem variations reveals a cambial growth and osmotic concentration signal

Chan, Tommy; Hölttä, Teemu; Berninger, Frank; Mäkinen, Harri; Nöjd, Pekka; Mencuccini, Maurizio; Nikinmaa, Eero

doi:10.1111/pce.12541

Cited by 83 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…While a similar log behaviour to cooling test was observed in beech and Scots pine, chestnut had a distinct pattern (Figures 4-6). This behaviour suggests a "traumatic" effect of thermal excursion on this ring-porous hardwood species [30]. Further investigations are required to define thresholds of mechanical failure, as well as their variability, induced by cooling in these species [31], and the usefulness of using high-resolution dendrometers in wood technology laboratories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Analytical Approach to Describe the Sensitivity of Tree–Environment Dependences through Stem Radial Variation

Cocozza

Tognetti

Giovannelli

2018

Forests

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Stem radius variations are remarkably synchronous to weather conditions. Climate fluctuations can forecast the occurrence and severity of environmental disturbance on radial variations, as well as tissue sensitivity and tree growth. Radial variations were detected through dendrometers and were analyzed coupled to environmental conditions to define stem sensitivity in response to experimental (logs in lab) and natural (trees in field) drivers. By using a mathematical approach for the analysis of plant traits and environmental variables, this study aimed at highlighting a methodological framework to analytically unravel the environmental control of stem cycles. A derivative analysis was performed on data derived from experimental measurements, which showed a high degree of agreement between environmental drivers and dendrometer signals. The analytical approach provided information on plant performance in response to environmental variation, removing the confounding effects of different variables. Coding of the dendrometer signal provided a process to quantify stem sensitivity to ambient temperature, to portray synchronicity of time series related to stem radial variations and air temperature events, and to identify time lags of environmental effects on plant traits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Analytical Approach to Describe the Sensitivity of Tree–Environment Dependences through Stem Radial Variation

Cocozza

Tognetti

Giovannelli

2018

Forests

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“…Isotopic techniques combined with modelling of carbon allocation (Richardson et al 2013, Hartmann et al 2015, Hartmann and Trumbore 2016, new methodologies to quantify cambial growth at short timescales (Chan et al 2016, Deslauriers et al 2016) and molecular approaches to decipher gene expression and metabolic profiling (Stitt and Zeeman 2012) offer promising avenues to measure the fluxes into and out of NSC pools and disentangle the roles of different NSC fractions and how they vary over time. We stress the need for concurrent assessment of NSC dynamics with phenology and physiology (e.g., gas exchange, water potential, turgor, and hydraulic performance) in different organs to allow for a better integration of whole-plant carbon and water economy.…”

Section: Hypothesis 4: Plants Rarely Deplete Their Nscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of non‐structural carbohydrates in terrestrial plants: a global synthesis

Martínez‐Vilalta

Sala

Asensio

et al. 2016

Ecological Monographs

518

446

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Plants store large amounts of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). While multiple functions of NSC have long been recognized, the interpretation of NSC seasonal dynamics is often based on the idea that stored NSC is a reservoir of carbon that fluctuates depending on the balance between supply via photosynthesis and demand for growth and respiration (the source-sink dynamics concept). Consequently, relatively high NSC concentrations in some plants have been interpreted to reflect excess supply relative to demand. An alternative view, however, is that NSC accumulation reflects the relatively high NSC levels required for plant survival; an important issue that remains highly controversial. Here, we assembled a new global database to examine broad patterns of seasonal NSC variation across organs (leaves, stems, and belowground), plant functional types (coniferous, drought-deciduous angiosperms, winter deciduous angiosperms, evergreen angiosperms, and herbaceous) and biomes (boreal, temperate, Mediterranean, and tropical). We compiled data from 121 studies, including seasonal measurements for 177 species under natural conditions. Our results showed that, on average, NSC account for ~10% of dry plant biomass and are highest in leaves and lowest in stems, whereas belowground organs show intermediate concentrations. Total NSC, starch, and soluble sugars (SS) varied seasonally, with a strong depletion of starch during the growing season and a general increase during winter months, particularly in boreal and temperate biomes. Across functional types, NSC concentrations were highest and most variable in herbaceous species and in conifer needles. Conifers showed the lowest stem and belowground NSC concentrations. Minimum NSC values were relatively high (46% of seasonal maximums on average for total NSC) and, in contrast to average values, were similar among biomes and functional types. Overall, although starch depletion was relatively common, seasonal depletion of total NSC or SS was rare. These results are consistent with a dual view of NSC function: whereas starch acts mostly as a reservoir for future use, soluble sugars perform immediate functions (e.g., osmoregulation) and are kept above some critical threshold. If confirmed, this dual function of NSC will have important implications for the way we understand and model plant carbon allocation and survival under stress.

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“…Chan et al . () have added another important piece of knowledge to this topic with their approach presented in this issue of Plant, Cell & Environment .…”

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confidence: 99%

Radial stem variations – a source of tree physiological information not fully exploited yet

Zweifel

2015

Plant Cell & Environment

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Separating water‐potential induced swelling and shrinking from measured radial stem variations reveals a cambial growth and osmotic concentration signal

Cited by 83 publications

References 44 publications

High-Resolution Analytical Approach to Describe the Sensitivity of Tree–Environment Dependences through Stem Radial Variation

High-Resolution Analytical Approach to Describe the Sensitivity of Tree–Environment Dependences through Stem Radial Variation

Dynamics of non‐structural carbohydrates in terrestrial plants: a global synthesis

Radial stem variations – a source of tree physiological information not fully exploited yet

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