Separating lithium and magnesium in brine by aluminum-based materials

Efficient Extraction of Lithium Ions from High Mg/Li Ratio Brine through the Synergy of TBP and Hydroxyl Functional Ionic Liquids

“…Li + separation from the salt lake in China, however, was difficult due to the low concentration of Li + and the characteristically high magnesium/lithium concentration ratio. A variety of methods were established, for instance, calcination leaching, [ 8,9 ] adsorption, [ 10 ] precipitation, [ 11‐13 ] solvent extraction, [ 14,15 ] semipermeable membrane, [ 16 ] and electrolysis, [ 17 ] to separate Li + from the high Mg/Li ratio brine. Among these methods, the solvent extraction was considered to be the most promising technique due to its high selectivity, fast reaching of equilibrium, low cost and easy accessibility.…”

Technologies of lithium recycling from waste lithium ion batteries: a review

“…21 The lithium grade and magnesium/ lithium ratio of the brine are important factors that affect the production cost and time. [23][24][25][26][27][28] Table 2 lists the lithium content and Mg/Li ratio of the brines currently used in production. 21 Brine contains 0.02 to 5% Li + , along with other ions such as Na + , K + , Cl À , and SO 4…”

Demystifying constructive strategies on designing functionalized lamellar Nb2CTx nanosheet membrane architectures under confined space

“…Other membrane types (such as polymers of intrinsic micro porosity (PIM) or dimethylbiphenyl Troger's base polymer (DMBP-TB)) have been claimed to have relatively higher selectivity for K + / Mg 2+ than 2D-based membranes (such as graphene oxide or MXene), which suggests a size exclusion mechanism due to the narrow ionic channels. 10,19,22,28,35,36 However, the possible selective performance for the most challenging Li + /Mg 2+ separation using the above-mentioned membranes has not been achieved due to the limitation on membrane design strategies, which was hindered by an unclear mechanism. 1,7,8,16,17,21,37,38,43,44 Woochul and co-workers proposed a peptide-appended hybrid [4] arene (PAH [4]) membrane for high water/solute selectivity due to the formation of water clusters within lipid membranes that provide synergistic paths for rapid and selective water permeation through water-wire networks.…”

“…2,3,17,18 Hence, a key scientic challenge for designing highly ion-selective Nb 2 CT x based membranes is to understand ion transport phenomena and water permeation activity in relation to the controllable pore architecture and functionality of membranes constructed from functionalized Nb 2 CT x nanosheets. 11,12,14,[19][20][21] Here, we have prepared three types of model systems to simulate the transport phenomena within the nanoconned channels. Three model membranes consisting of polyacrylic acid/Nb 2 CT x (Nb 2 CT x -PAA) composite nanosheets (-COOH model) that promote both water permeation and ion rejection rates, polyvinyl alcohol/Nb 2 CT x (Nb 2 CT x -PVA) composite nanosheets (-OH model) that have less promotion of water permeation and ion rejection rates, and gallic acid/Nb 2 CT x (Nb 2 CT x -GA) composite nanosheets (mixed model) that enable ion selectivity, have been successfully synthesized and characterized by ATR-FTIR, which demonstrate long-term stability (Fig.…”