“…Women were expected to stay at home and to manage domestic affairs in the private sphere while men worked to provide for the family financially through employment in the public sphere (Fehlbaum, 2016). While the separation of spheres was a phenomenon situated primarily in White, urban, middle-and upper-class life (Rotman, 2006;Fehlbaum, 2016), its ramifications in reinforcing the feminine and masculine stereotypes for later generations, especially regarding needlework, were significant. Men as needleworkers became a situation that occurred out of necessity and existed only in spaces where there were not women to complete the tasks, such as when sailors were away at sea (McBrinn, 2021).…”