Separate and Coupled Testing of Meteorological and Hydrological Forecast Models for the Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania

Warner, Thomas T.; Kibler, David F.; Steinhart, Richard L.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1991)030<1521:sactom>2.0.co;2

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The MM5 model is commonly used for numerical weather prediction, air quality and hydrological studies (e.g. Mass and Kuo, 1998;Kindap et al, 2006;Warner et al, 1991).…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic effects of urbanization in istanbul: a statistical and modeling analysis

Ezber

Şen

Kındap

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

100

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Abstract:Statistical and numerical modeling tools were used to investigate the climatic effects of urbanization in Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey. Mann-Kendall trend test was applied to minimum temperature data from stations located in urban, suburban and rural areas in Istanbul to determine the existence and significance of trends, and the approximate years in which changes in the trends started. In addition, using a mesoscale atmospheric model, a sensitivity experiment was carried out to explore the atmospheric effects of urbanization in the city. Both statistical and modeling analyses indicated significant warming in the atmosphere over the urbanized areas. Mann-Kendall tests indicated statistically significant positive trends in the time series of the differences in minimum temperatures between urban and rural stations. Seasonal analyses showed that the urbanization effect on climate was most pronounced in summer. In most cases, the changes in the trends occurred in the 1970s and 1980s when the population growth rate in Istanbul increased dramatically. The model results exhibited a significant expansion of the urban heat island in Istanbul from 1951 to 2004, fairly consistent with the expansion of the city in this period. A two-cell structure for the urban heat island emerged at the reference level from the difference of the July simulations with current and past landscapes: one on the European side and the other on the Asian side of the city. The maximum reference-level temperature difference between the past and present simulations was found to be around 1°C. The modeling experiment also indicated that the velocity of the prevailing northeasterly wind and the water vapor mixing ratio were both reduced over the city. The heating effect due to urbanization was found to penetrate about 600-800 m height in the atmosphere over the city, and the two surface heat island cells were found to combine aloft.

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“…The MM5 model is commonly used for numerical weather prediction, air quality and hydrological studies (e.g. Mass and Kuo, 1998;Kindap et al, 2006;Warner et al, 1991).…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic effects of urbanization in istanbul: a statistical and modeling analysis

Ezber

Şen

Kındap

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

100

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“…It is a community mesoscale model widely used for numerical weather prediction, hydrological studies, and air quality studies (Warner et al, 1991;Mass and Kuo, 1998). The non-hydrostatic MM5 Version 3.5 is used in this study.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical modeling study on desert oasis self-supporting mechanisms

Chu

Lü

Chen

2005

Journal of Hydrology

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“…MM5 is developed by PSU (Pennsylvania State University) and NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) and is a mesoscale modeling system that includes advanced atmospheric physics. It is a mesoscale model (downloadable at http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/mm5/mm5-home.html) widely used for numerical weather prediction, air quality investigations and hydrological studies ( Warner et al [1991], Grell et al [1994], Mass and Kuo [1998], Chatfield et al [1999], Chang et al [2000], etc. ).…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of slope irradiance in Mesoscale Model version 5 and its effect on temperature and wind fields during the breakup of a temperature inversion

Hauge

Hole

2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] The atmospheric mesoscale model MM5 has been used at high horizontal resolution to simulate the breakup of a temperature inversion in complex topography. To improve the surface parameterizations during daytime, slope and orientation of the terrain have been taken into account in the calculation of short wave radiation at the surface. As the model resolution becomes higher, slope irradiance becomes increasingly important at high latitude. To evalute MM5 and slope irradiance's effect on the wind and temperature, a situation from 21 September 1994 is chosen. The situation is dominated by high pressure and no clouds, which gives the possibility of investigating the topography's effect on the radiation in greater detail. Compared to observations, results show improvement in both temperature and wind fields after the implementation of slope irradiances in MM5. The breakup period of the temperature inversion is also simulated more correctly. The RMS error is reduced by 35% for wind speed and 13% for temperature. This suggests that the influence of slope irradiance is larger for wind than for temperature in this situation.

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Separate and Coupled Testing of Meteorological and Hydrological Forecast Models for the Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Climatic effects of urbanization in istanbul: a statistical and modeling analysis

Climatic effects of urbanization in istanbul: a statistical and modeling analysis

A numerical modeling study on desert oasis self-supporting mechanisms

Implementation of slope irradiance in Mesoscale Model version 5 and its effect on temperature and wind fields during the breakup of a temperature inversion

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