Sensory Learning and the Brain‚Äôs Body Map

Diamond, Mathew E.; Harris, Justin; Petersen, Rasmus S.

doi:10.1201/9781420038705.ch7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…We reported activation in SI and SII in all experimental conditions (0-BACK, 1-BACK, 2-BACK), in line with the well known functional role performed by the somatosensory system during processing of somatic stimuli (Burton and Fabri, 1995;Ferretti et al, 2004;Diamond et al, 2002). No significant differences in activation were observed across the different memory loads, suggesting a preliminary and steady-state feature extraction processing along the increasing memory load process, as a possible contribution of the somatosensory system in WM of tactile geometrical shapes.…”

Section: Somatosensory System and Insula Activationsupporting

confidence: 87%

Working memory of somatosensory stimuli: An fMRI study

Savini

Brunetti

Babiloni

et al. 2012

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: Somatosensory System and Insula Activationsupporting

confidence: 87%

Working memory of somatosensory stimuli: An fMRI study

Savini

Brunetti

Babiloni

et al. 2012

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…It has been shown that the contralateral primary (SI) and bilateral secondary (SII) somatosensory cortices are involved in the processing of transient nonpainful and painful stimuli [Del Gratta et al, 2000Ferretti et al, 2003Ferretti et al, , 2004Ibanez et al, 1995;Kakigi et al, 2000Kakigi et al, , 2003Mauguiere et al, 1997a,b;Torquati et al, 2002Torquati et al, , 2003. SI is presumed to process and encode the type and intensity of the sensory inputs, whereas SII has a multifaceted role, including sensorimotor integration [Huttunen et al, 1996;Narici et al, 1991a,b], integration of information from the two body halves [Hari et al, 1998], and cognitive functions such as attention [Burton et al, 1999;Mima et al, 1998], learning [Diamond et al, 2002], memory [Diamond et al, 2002;Ridley and Ettlinger, 1976], integration, and emotional coding of nonpainful and painful stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical brain responses during passive nonpainful median nerve stimulation at low frequencies (0.5–4 Hz): An fMRI study

Ferretti

Babiloni

Arienzo

et al. 2006

Human Brain Mapping

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Previous findings have shown that the human somatosensory cortical systems that are activated by passive nonpainful electrical stimulation include the contralateral primary somatosensory area (SI), bilateral secondary somatosensory area (SII), and bilateral insula. The present study tested the hypothesis that these areas have different sensitivities to stimulation frequency in the condition of passive stimulation. Functional MRI (fMRI) was recorded in 24 normal volunteers during nonpainful electrical median nerve stimulations at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 Hz repetition rates in separate recording blocks in pseudorandom order. Results of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effect showed that the contralateral SI, the bilateral SII, and the bilateral insula were active during these stimulations. As a major finding, only the contralateral SI increased its activation with the increase of the stimulus frequency at the mentioned range. The fact that nonpainful median-nerve electrical stimuli at 4 Hz induces a larger BOLD response is of interest both for basic research and clinical applications in subjects unable to perform cognitive tasks in the fMRI scanner.

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“…This study is part of an inquiry into how sensory cortical regions contribute to perceptual learning and memory (Diamond et al, 2001;Harris et al, 2001b). Important evidence has come from demonstrations that perceptual learning can be spatially restricted in a way that corresponds to the topographic organization of sensory cortical processing areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Topography of Tactile Working Memory

Harris

Diamond

2001

J. Neurosci.

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To investigate the contribution of topographically organized brain areas to tactile working memory, we asked human subjects to compare the frequency of two vibrations presented to the same fingertip or to different fingertips. The vibrations ranged from 14 to 24 Hz and were separated by a retention interval of variable length. For intervals <1 sec, subjects were accurate when both vibrations were delivered to the same fingertip but were less accurate when the two vibrations were delivered to different fingertips. For 1 or 2 sec intervals, subjects performed equally well when comparing vibrations delivered either to the same finger or to corresponding fingers on opposite hands, but they performed poorly when the vibrations were delivered to distant fingers on either hand. These results suggest that working memory resides within a topographic framework. As a further test, we performed an experiment in which the two comparison vibrations were presented to the same fingertip but an interference vibration was presented during the retention interval. The interpolated vibration disrupted accuracy most when delivered to the same finger as the comparison vibrations and had progressively less effect when delivered to more distant fingers. We conclude that topographically organized regions of somatosensory cortex contribute to tactile working memory, possibly by holding the memory trace across the retention interval. One stimulus can be accurately compared with the memory of a previous stimulus if they engage overlapping representations, but activation of the common cortical territory by an interpolated stimulus can disrupt the memory trace.

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Sensory Learning and the Brain‚Äôs Body Map

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Working memory of somatosensory stimuli: An fMRI study

Working memory of somatosensory stimuli: An fMRI study

Cortical brain responses during passive nonpainful median nerve stimulation at low frequencies (0.5–4 Hz): An fMRI study

The Topography of Tactile Working Memory

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