Sensory Intelligence for Extraction of an Abstract Auditory Rule: A Cross-Linguistic Study

Guo, Xiao-Tao; Wang, Xiaodong; Liang, Xiuyuan; Wang, Ming; Chen, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.025

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Analogous to the implicit memory of riding a bicycle, amateur musicians who undergo long-term musical learning is a good model for studying implicit memory. In our study, significant MMN responses can be elicited in amateur musicians ( Figure 2B ), which has been widely used as an effective electrophysiological signature for studies of early auditory processing ( Luo et al, 2006 ; Gu et al, 2012 ; Wang et al, 2013 ; Guo et al, 2018 ). It is also regarded by many as a probe of implicit memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an auditory event-related potential (ERP) component and reflects the auditory cortical responses to novel stimuli ( Näätänen et al, 1978 , 2007 ; Partanen et al, 2013 ). MMN has been widely used as an effective neural marker for early auditory processing at a pre-attention stage ( Luo et al, 2006 ; Gu et al, 2012 ; Wang et al, 2013 ; Guo et al, 2018 ). Importantly, MMN is regarded as a probe of implicit memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Event-Related Potential Evidence for Involuntary Consciousness During Implicit Memory Retrieval

Liang

Guo

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Classical notion claims that a memory is implicit if has nothing to do with consciousness during the information retrieval from storage, or is otherwise explicit. Here, we demonstrate event-related potential evidence for involuntary consciousness during implicit memory retrieval. We designed a passive oddball paradigm for retrieval of implicit memory in which an auditory stream of Shepard tones with musical pitch interval contrasts were delivered to the subjects. These contrasts evoked a mismatch negativity response, which is an event-related potential and a neural marker of implicit memory, in the subjects with long-term musical training, but not in the subjects without. Notably, this response was followed by a salient P3 component which implies involvement of involuntary consciousness in the implicit memory retrieval. Finally, source analysis of the P3 revealed moving dipoles from the frontal lobe to the insula, a brain region closely related to conscious attention. Our study presents a case of involvement of involuntary consciousness in the implicit memory retrieval and suggests a potential challenge to the classical definition of implicit memory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-Related Potential Evidence for Involuntary Consciousness During Implicit Memory Retrieval

Liang

Guo

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…The sensory cortex is considered to have primitive or sensory intelligence that extracts abstract stimulus patterns from ongoing sequence [41]. The auditory cortex has been documented to have the primitive intelligence to extract the abstract patterns of Chinese lexical tones with various consonants and vowels [42]. In addition, the primitive intelligence to extract phonological features of Chinese characters is not limited to the auditory modality but also extends to the visual modality [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid implicit extraction of abstract orthographic patterns of Chinese characters during reading

2020

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Orthographic processing is crucial in reading. For the Chinese language, sub-lexical processing has already taken place at radical level. Previous literature reported early positionspecific radical representations and later position-general radical representations, implying a possible separating process of abstract position information irrespective of radicals per se from radical representations during orthographic processing. However, it remains largely unclear whether the abstract pattern of spatial arrangement of radicals can be rapidly extracted, and if so, whether this extraction takes place at the visual cortex, the very first processing center. As the visual cortex is documented to actively participate in orthographic processing, it may also play a role in the possible extraction of abstract orthographic patterns of Chinese characters. Hence, we hypothesize that abstract orthographic patterns of Chinese characters are covertly extracted at the visual cortex during reading. In this study, we investigated whether the visual cortex could rapidly extract abstract structural patterns of Chinese characters, using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. We adopted an active oddball paradigm with two types of deviant stimuli different only in one feature, structural or tonal, from standard stimuli; in each of the two sessions, subjects focused conscious attention on one feature and neglected the other. We observed that the ERPs recorded at occipital electrodes responded differentially to standard and structural deviant stimuli in both sessions, especially within the time range of the occipital P200 component. Then, we extracted three source waves arising from different levels of the visual cortex. Early response differences (from 88 to 456 ms after stimulus onset) were observed between the source waves, probably arising from left primary/secondary and bilateral associative visual cortices, in response to standard and deviant stimuli that violated abstract structural patterns, whether subjects focused their attention on the character structure or not. This suggests rapid extraction of abstract structural patterns of Chinese characters in the visual cortex, no matter the abstract structural pattern was explicit or implicit to subjects. Note that the source waves arising from right primary/secondary visual cortices in response to standard and structural deviant stimuli did not differ at all, indicating that this extraction of the abstract structural pattern of Chinese characters was left-lateralized. Besides, no difference was observed between source waves originating from any level of the visual cortex to PLOS ONE | https://doi., to XZ). The funders had no role in study design, data standard and deviant stimuli that violated abstract tonal patterns, until 768 ms when a late effect related to conscious detection of targets occurred at higher levels of the visual cortex. Note that at late stages (later than 698 ms after stimulus onset), responses arising from bilateral associative visual cortices to standard and ...

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A lateral inhibition mechanism explains the dissociation between mismatch negativity and behavioral pitch discrimination

Wong

et al. 2019

Brain Research

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Sensory Intelligence for Extraction of an Abstract Auditory Rule: A Cross-Linguistic Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

Event-Related Potential Evidence for Involuntary Consciousness During Implicit Memory Retrieval

Event-Related Potential Evidence for Involuntary Consciousness During Implicit Memory Retrieval

Rapid implicit extraction of abstract orthographic patterns of Chinese characters during reading

A lateral inhibition mechanism explains the dissociation between mismatch negativity and behavioral pitch discrimination

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