Sensory and motor responses of precentral cortex cells during comparable passive and active joint movements

Fetz, Eberhard E.; Finocchio, D. V.; Baker, M. A.; Soso, Michael J.

doi:10.1152/jn.1980.43.4.1070

Cited by 186 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Compared to the patients, activation in the HVs extended more anteriorly into the precentral gyrus and also included inferior parietal areas. Generally, these activation patterns are in line with previous evidence on the functional neuroanatomical correlates of passive movement (Ciccarelli et al, 2005;Guzzetta et al, 2007;Naito et al, 1999;Naito et al, 2002;Weiller et al, 1996) and the assumption that the afferent feedback produced by passive movement not only targets somatosensory but also motor areas (Dechaumont-Palacin et al, 2008;Fetz et al, 1980;Lemon, 1999).…”

Section: Passive Movementsupporting

confidence: 89%

Cortical activation during executed, imagined, observed, and passive wrist movements in healthy volunteers and stroke patients

et al. 2012

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Section: Passive Movementsupporting

confidence: 89%

Cortical activation during executed, imagined, observed, and passive wrist movements in healthy volunteers and stroke patients

et al. 2012

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“…Since the "reflex" discharge was tightly coupled to afferent input, it appeared to be comparable to the responses others have evoked from motor cortex neurons by stimulating cutaneous, muscle, and joint afferents (e.g., Rosen and Asanuma, 1972;Lemon and Porter, 1976;Wong et al, 1978;Fetz et al, 1980;Strick and Preston, 1982). Less is known about the origin of the "intended" PTN discharge, which was viewed as a manifestation of a central program .…”

mentioning

confidence: 67%

The influence of motor preparation on the response of cerebellar neurons to limb displacements

Strick¹

1983

J. Neurosci.

130

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This study examined the influence of "motor set" on the response of neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei to peripheral afferent inputs. Two monkeys were trained to perform arm movements which were triggered by imposed displacements of their forelimb. Imposed displacements were generated by a torque motor which was coupled to a handle held by the monkey. The direction of the triggered movements depended on a prior instruction presented to the animal before the onset of the imposed displacement.Single neuron recordings were made from 105 interpositus and 191 dentate neurons whose activity was related to the performance of the task. Forty-three of the interpositus and 46 of the dentate neurons displayed a change in activity within 70 msec of the onset of the imposed displacement. None of these neurons displayed a neural response following the onset of the instruction.The short latency response of most interpositus neurons was related to the parameters of the afferent input generated by the imposed displacements. For more than 60% of the interpositus neurons this response was strongly influenced by the direction of the imposed displacement. None of these responses were markedly altered by the prior instructions.In contrast, the short latency response of 67% of the dentate neurons, although triggered by the imposed displacement, was markedly altered by the "motor set" of the animal. For most of the dentate neurons whose activity was influenced by the animal's "motor set," the neural response was contingent on two factors: (1) the prior instruction given to the animal and (2) the direction of the imposed displacement.In a second set of dentate neurons (13% of those influenced by motor preparation) the characteristics of the short latency response were determined solely by the nature of the prior instruction. For these neurons the imposed displacement served as a trigger for possible changes in the activity. Thus, dentate neuron activity can behave like a motor command signal which is triggered at short latency by a peripheral event but depends on the intent of the animal.

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“…We speculate that such sensorimotor representation, not yet described in the literature, may constitute a hardwired feedback loop suited to bind oral sensory inputs with upper limb motor commands, for guiding hand movements according to mouth sensations. In monkeys, cutaneous and proprioceptive inputs from the upper limb to the primary motor cortex (M1) corticospinal cells have been shown to originate from the muscles to which these cells send motor projections or, for proximal regions of the arm, from the distal muscles of the hand (23,24). However, no sensory projections from the mouth muscles to the cellular populations of M1-generating motor responses of the upper limb have been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural representations of ethologically relevant hand/mouth synergies in the human precentral gyrus

Desmurget

Richard

Harquel

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Complex motor responses are often thought to result from the combination of elemental movements represented at different neural sites. However, in monkeys, evidence indicates that some behaviors with critical ethological value, such as self-feeding, are represented as motor primitives in the precentral gyrus (PrG). In humans, such primitives have not yet been described. This could reflect well-known interspecies differences in the organization of sensorimotor regions (including PrG) or the difficulty of identifying complex neural representations in peroperative settings. To settle this alternative, we focused on the neural bases of hand/mouth synergies, a prominent example of human behavior with high ethological value. By recording motor-and somatosensory-evoked potentials in the PrG of patients undergoing brain surgery (2-60 y), we show that two complex nested neural representations can mediate hand/mouth actions within this structure: (i) a motor representation, resembling self-feeding, where electrical stimulation causes the closing hand to approach the opening mouth, and (ii) a motor-sensory representation, likely associated with perioral exploration, where cross-signal integration is accomplished at a cortical site that generates hand/arm actions while receiving mouth sensory inputs. The first finding extends to humans' previous observations in monkeys. The second provides evidence that complex neural representations also exist for perioral exploration, a finely tuned skill requiring the combination of motor and sensory signals within a common control loop. These representations likely underlie the ability of human children and newborns to accurately produce coordinated hand/mouth movements, in an otherwise general context of motor immaturity.motor cortex | motor synergies | brain mapping | cortical stimulation

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Sensory and motor responses of precentral cortex cells during comparable passive and active joint movements

Cited by 186 publications

References 30 publications

Cortical activation during executed, imagined, observed, and passive wrist movements in healthy volunteers and stroke patients

Cortical activation during executed, imagined, observed, and passive wrist movements in healthy volunteers and stroke patients

The influence of motor preparation on the response of cerebellar neurons to limb displacements

Neural representations of ethologically relevant hand/mouth synergies in the human precentral gyrus

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