Sensors for Site-Specific Management

Sudduth, K. A.; Hummel, John E.; Birrell, Stuart J.

doi:10.2134/1997.stateofsitespecific.c10

Cited by 43 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…A mobile proximal sensing system employing electromagnetic induction (EMI) can measure the apparent electrical conductivity (EC a ) of the soil without having a direct physical contact with the soil (McNeill, 1980). The high-resolution information obtained from a non-invasive EMI sensor can be interpreted to explain the variation of soil properties (Sudduth et al, 1997) such as salinity (Triantafilis et al, 2000), texture (Saey et al, 2009a), clay mineralogy (Sudduth et al, 2005), compaction (Brevik & Fenton, 2004), temperature (Sheets & Hendrickx, 1995) and organic carbon (Simbahan et al, 2006;Martinez et al, 2009). Rhoades et al (1989) developed a bulk EC a model of soil, which could be used to evaluate the effect of a change in several soil properties on EC a under unsaturated field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling within field variation of the compaction layer in a paddy rice field using a proximal soil sensing system

Islam

Saey

Smedt

et al. 2014

Soil Use and Management

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A key characteristic of flooded paddy fields is the plough pan. This is a sub‐soil layer of greater compaction and bulk density, which restricts water losses through percolation. However, the thickness of this compacted layer can be inconsistent, with consequences such as variable percolation and leaching losses of nutrients, which therefore requires precision management of soil water. Our objective was to evaluate a methodology to model the thickness of the compacted soil layer using a non‐invasive electromagnetic induction sensor (EM38‐MK2). A 2.7 ha alluvial non‐saline paddy rice field was measured with a proximal soil sensing system using the EM38‐MK2 and the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of the wet paddy soil was recorded at a high‐resolution (1.0 × 0.5 m). Soil bulk density (n = 10) was measured using undisturbed soil cores, which covered locations with large and small ECa values. At the same locations (within 1 m2) the depth of the different soil layers was determined by penetrometer. Then a fitting procedure was used to model the ECa – depth response functions of the EM38‐MK2, which involved solving a system of non‐linear equations and a R2 value of 0.89 was found. These predictions were evaluated using independent observations (n = 18) where a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.87 with an RMSEE value of 0.03 m was found. The ECa measurements allowed the detail estimation of the compacted layer thickness. The link between water percolation losses and thickness of the compacted layer was confirmed by independent observations with an inverse relationship having a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.89. This rapid, non‐invasive and cost‐effective technique offers new opportunities to measure differences in the thickness of compacted layers in water‐saturated soils. This has potential for site‐specific soil management in paddy rice fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling within field variation of the compaction layer in a paddy rice field using a proximal soil sensing system

Islam

Saey

Smedt

et al. 2014

Soil Use and Management

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“…A successful precision farming management system is one in which the key limitations to optimum profitability and environmental protection can be identified, characterized, and managed at the appropriate locations and times (Mulla, 1997). Sudduth et al (1996) reviewed sensors for site-specific management. They stated that sensor technology lags behind the other enabling technologies necessary for site-specific management, positioning by the global positioning system (GPS), spatial mapping and analysis with geographic information system (GIS), and variable-rate control system for fertilizer, herbicides, and seeding.…”

Section: Sensing Soil Properties For Site-specific Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of real-time electro-pneumatic soil sampler

Yildirim

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The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.

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“…The problem with using NIR for measurement of soil properties often occurs because soil color or reflectance are functions of multiple properties, such as texture, mineralogy, SOM, and parent materials. Sudduth and Hummel (1996) tested an NIR sensor's ability to estimate SOC and found that the RPD of SOC in a B-horizon soil was 2.05 and R 2 = 0.77 which means that the quality of data was excellent and data had a good fit in a statistical model. Veum et al (2014) evaluated the use of VNIR for assessing soil biological indicators and soil organic matter characteristics resulting from different agricultural management practices.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Mnoxc Pom-c And Soc Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These characteristics of NIR and the visual spectrum make it the basis for development of rapid and non-destructive methods to detect changes in soil C and organic matter (Alexander, 1969;Sudduth and Hummel, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing soil carbon and soil quality for sustainable agricultural systems in tropical hillslope soils using spectroscopic methods

Jintaridth¹

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Soil quality is a concept that integrates physical, chemical, and biological components and processes of soil across landscapes. Identifying and developing appropriate methods to quantify and assess changes in soil quality are necessary for evaluating soil degradation and improving management practices. Many parameters that are associated with soil quality depend on soil organic matter (SOM) levels and composition. The objectives of this research were to: 1) conduct a literature review of soil quality assessment techniques to evaluate soil quality across a wide-range of environments and agricultural practices; 2) determine if some standard soil sampling and analytical protocols could be identified or developed to enhance soil quality comparisons across a wide range of environments around the world; and 3) assess the efficacy of spectroscopic-based (i.e. near-infrared, mid-infrared, and visible range) analytical methods to evaluate soil organic matter fractions and soil quality. To assess soil quality for sustainable agricultural systems in hillslope soils using spectroscopic methods, surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from hillslope agricultural sites in Bolivia, the Philippines and Indonesia which had differences in length of fallow, levels of soil degradation, and cultivation by landscape position. To determine the efficacy of spectroscopic-based on visible range, the use of the potassium permanganate test (MnOxC) for active organic carbon was studied. The MnOxC test was generally responsive to a range of fallow lengths among different agricultural fields and communities in Umala Municipality in Bolivia. A major objective of fallowing agricultural fields in this region is to restore soil fertility in the field after cropping. This general increase in MnOxC with increased length fallowing may be due to inputs of residue and roots from regrowth of native vegetation after cropping in fallowed areas and possible manure inputs from sheep that generally graze these fallow areas. In addition, higher concentrations of MnOxC were generally observed in non-degraded soil compared to that of degraded soil in all sampled communities in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Comparisons of soil quality among agroforestry and nonagroforestry sites were studied near Bogor, Indonesia. Both agroforestry and nonagroforestry sites had been managed with different types and rates (low, medium, and high) of amendments including manure, compost and chemical fertilizer. Soil MnOxC was generally higher with increasing amounts of added animal manure and in agroforestry areas compared to that of non-agroforestry areas. A set of soil samples was collected along a hill-slope transect from the top to the bottom of agricultural valley on Mindanao Island in the Philippines. The transect across the landscape was divided into summit, shoulder, backslope, footslope and toeslope landscape positions. Soil MnOxC from cultivated fields areas at each landscape position were generally lower than noncultivated areas at similar landscape positions. Among the non-cultivated sites, soil MnOxC was the highest at the summit position and the lowest at the backslope positions while soil MnOxC among cultivated sites were relatively similar across the hill-slope transect. This comparison of the use of the soil MnOxC test to determine changes in active C among a wide range of environmental conditions, cropping systems and soil management practices among agroecosystems with hillslopes in tropical countries around the world indicates that the soil MnOxC test is a sensitive indicator to assess changes in active C with changes in crop and soil management. Several advantages to using this procedure include its ease of use that requires a minimal of training for the field method, its low relative cost and growing research results that facilitate interpretation of the test results. Therefore, this method has potential for supporting management decisions, and sustainable management of agricultural systems in tropical hillslope ecosystems. The ability of visible/near-infrared (VNIR) spectroscopy to estimate soil organic carbon and carbon fractions from diverse soils in tropical hillslope agroecosystems around the world that were under different soil management and cropping systems was evaluated in this research. It was shown that VNIR spectroscopy could be an effective technique to estimate SOC and soil organic carbon fractions for a wide range of soils from tropical hillslope agroecosystems around the world. Several potential advantages of use of VNIR compared to conventional soil testing methods in developing countries are that it may allow for simultaneous evaluation of several soil properties and it can be done rapidly and possibly in the field. Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFT) is considered to be one of the most sensitive infrared techniques for analyzing the structural composition of soil organic matter. The benefit of the DRIFT technique is the ability to characterize the functional group composition of heterogeneous materials with minimal sample preparation. Results showed that this method can be used to characterize the functional groups of heterogeneous soil organic materials and it may be a more direct method to determine changes in soil organic matter and soil quality caused by soil management practices than several other chemical and spectral techniques. The high resolution of the spectra and quantitative estimations of functional groups can be used to analyze soil organic carbon composition. Therefore, in future work this technique has great potential to be an accurate and simple method for helping to understand the changes in the composition of soil organic carbon due to soil organic management practices and to estimate changes in soil quality resulting from those practices in these hillslope agroecosystems.

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Sensors for Site-Specific Management

Cited by 43 publications

References 65 publications

Modeling within field variation of the compaction layer in a paddy rice field using a proximal soil sensing system

Modeling within field variation of the compaction layer in a paddy rice field using a proximal soil sensing system

Development of real-time electro-pneumatic soil sampler

Assessing soil carbon and soil quality for sustainable agricultural systems in tropical hillslope soils using spectroscopic methods

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