Sensors for Electromagnetic Pulse Measurements Both Inside and Away from Nuclear Source Regions

Baum, Carl E.; Breen, E. L.; Giles, J. C.; O'Nelll, John; Sower, Gary D.

doi:10.1109/temc.1978.303690

Cited by 61 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There are different measurement techniques established to detect EME which can be categorized into electric dipole sensors and magnetic dipole sensors [15]. The latter group is applied to measure magnetic fields and comprises inductive sensors such as loops and coils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Electromagnetic Emission and Crack Dynamics in Epoxy Resin Materials

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electromagnetic emission (EME) testing and acoustic emission (AE) testing are applied to investigate the failure of a brittle, dielectric material under mechanical load. A setup for three point flexure tests comprising simultaneous monitoring of EME and AE was used to induce fracture of epoxy resin specimens. The influences of the orientation and the distance of the crack surface on the detectable EME signals are the subjects of investigation. As EME sensor a capacitive sensor was used. Tests with an artificial test source are carried out to characterize the system response of the sensor, the attached amplifier and acquisition cards as well as the included bandpass filters. We propose an EME source based on the surface charge density modelled at the position of the fracture plane. Results of finite element method modelling of the EME source are compared to experimental results and show very good agreement. The experimental results show a clear directional character of the emitted electromagnetic field and a strong dependence of the detected signals amplitude on sourcesensor distance. A significant influence of the measurement chain on the detected electromagnetic signals bandwidth was found. Furthermore it is shown that the electromagnetic signals consist of three contributions originating from different source mechanisms. These are attributed to the separation and

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Electromagnetic Emission and Crack Dynamics in Epoxy Resin Materials

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In [9,10], Baum proposed an improved design of multigap B-Dot sensors which does not have the above-mentioned shortcomings. Specifically, the inductance is lowered by extending the vertical dimension of the loop, with the overall effect of extending the operating frequency range.…”

Section: Improved Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The newly designed B-Dot sensor features, in addition, a much better immunity against the electric field, compared to conventional loops, because the signal outputs from each gap pair are properly combined to eliminate the electric field components induced in the gaps as done by Baum [9,10]. As done in the previous section for the simple loop, a time-domain simulation was carried out for the designed multi-gap loop using CST Microwave Studio ® software.…”

Section: Improved Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Lightning Currents Using a Combination of Rogowski Coils and B-Dot Sensors

Romero¹,

Mediano²,

Rubinstein³

et al. 2012

JLR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The paper presents laboratory tests for the characterization of commercial Rogowski coils and a specially designed B-Dot sensor for the measurement of lightning currents on the Säntis telecommunications tower in Switzerland. In order to overcome the limited high frequency response of the Rogowski coils, we propose to use magnetic loops located very close to the tower. We introduce the design of a B-Dot sensor based on improvements proposed by C. E. Baum, in which the inductance is lowered by extending the vertical dimension of the loop, with the overall effect of extending the operating frequency range. To overcome the integrating behavior of the B-Dot loop when connected to lowimpedance loads (such as 50 Ohm), an arrangement of 100-Ohm-impedance cables connected across conicaltransmission-line gaps is used. The designed sensor is characterized by an upper frequency cutoff of 20 MHz and a 50 Ohm matched termination. Simulation results and laboratory tests carried out in the high voltage laboratories of the EPFL and Montena EMC show the effectiveness of the simultaneous use of Rogowski coils and B-Dot sensors for the measurement of lightning currents.

show abstract

“…Since these sensors directly measure the signal of interest rather than the time derivative, they become more attractive for longpulse applications in the microsecond regime with slow rise time [3][4][5]. Small integrating probes commonly known as B-dot and D-dot probes have existed for decades [6][7][8][9]. These probes are quasi-electromagnetic sensors in the sense that they respectively transform the electromotive force (inductively coupled magnetic field) and the magnetomotive force (capacitively coupled electric field) into a voltage and a current allowing for the measurement of the rate of change of the magnetic flux density [B-dot] and the electric flux density [D-dot].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Research on Plasma Cathode for HPM Sources (NE - Luginsland)

Schill¹

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and DIST CODE A: UNLIMITED ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 Words)This grant aided in the design, construction, and operation of the UNLV Non-Equilibrium Plasma Pinch (NEPP) to be used for the study of basic research on plasma cathodes. Significantly strong pinches have been recorded. A UNLV patent pending beam management device was conceived, developed, and built to focus high energy, large electron population beams without the aid of an external magnetic field. Further, a technique was theoretically and experimentally developed to calibrate the UNLV patented EM dots used to measure time varying electric and magnetic field signatures simultaneously at one point in space in support of pinch experiments. A multiple space/time-scale technique based on a multiple fluid approach has been developed to study non-equilibrium plasma pinch physics. Non-equilibrium zero order expressions have been established laying the foundation for higher order effects based on the existence of a sheet current plasma sheath. Three high school teacher summer research experiences were funded in support of basic plasma cathode research. Their equilibrium plasma discharge studies suggest a pinch mechanism responsible for the stable pinches observed in their experiments. This has lead to theoretical and experimental equilibrium pinch studies performed in parallel with the non-equilibrium studies. Verification studies are underway. Results are reported. SUBJECT TERMS AbstractThis grant aided in the design, construction, and operation of the UNLV Non-Equilibrium Plasma Pinch (NEPP) to be used for the study of basic research on plasma cathodes for high power microwave sources. Significantly strong pinches have been recorded experimentally. A UNLV patent pending beam management device was conceived, developed, and built to focus high energy, large electron population beams without the aid of an external magnetic field. Further, a technique was theoretically and experimentally developed to calibrate the UNLV patented EM dots used to measure time varying electric and magnetic field signatures simultaneously at one point in space in support of pinch experiments. A multiple space/timescale technique based on a multiple fluid approach has been developed to study non-equilibrium plasma pinch physics. Non-equilibrium zero order expressions have been established laying the foundation for higher order effects based on the existence of a sheet current plasma sheath. Three high sch...

show abstract

Sensors for Electromagnetic Pulse Measurements Both Inside and Away from Nuclear Source Regions

Cited by 61 publications

References 1 publication

Relation of Electromagnetic Emission and Crack Dynamics in Epoxy Resin Materials

Relation of Electromagnetic Emission and Crack Dynamics in Epoxy Resin Materials

Measurement of Lightning Currents Using a Combination of Rogowski Coils and B-Dot Sensors

Basic Research on Plasma Cathode for HPM Sources (NE - Luginsland)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About