Sensors based on new oxide electrolyte and oxygen reference materials for on-line measurements in steel melts

Weyl, Axel; Tu, Shi Wei; Janke, Dieter

doi:10.1002/srin.199400947

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…17) It is well known the oxygen sensors containing zirconia based solid electrolyte are utilized extensively throughout the steelmaking process [18][19][20][21][22] and several investigators have also explored the use of zirconia probes to measure the activity of FeO x within the slag phase. [23][24][25][26][27][28] In these applications, the cells are operated in an equilibrium mode and the open circuit voltage (OCV) is measured.…”

Section: Effect Of Applied Voltage On Electroreduction With Controllementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Applied Voltage on Electroreduction with Controlled Oxygen Flow of Molten Slag Containing FeO at 1723 K

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Effect Of Applied Voltage On Electroreduction With Controllementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Applied Voltage on Electroreduction with Controlled Oxygen Flow of Molten Slag Containing FeO at 1723 K

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…If the reference potential is close to the potential at the sensing electrode, the cell voltage will be small and thus tend to be more stable than a large voltage. For example, the oxygen partial pressure established by a Pd þ PdO reference electrode [112,113] or other transition metals with oxides (simple or mixed) [114,115] are suitable for use at the high temperatures and low oxygen partial pressures in molten steel.…”

Section: Reference Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

Fergus

2009

Solid State Electrochemistry I

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid electrolytes are well suited for use in chemical sensors for high-temperature applications. The first such sensors followed from the use of solid electrolytes for thermodynamic measurements, and are based on galvanic cells, for which the open circuit voltage is related to the concentration of the mobile ionic species, or to another target species through equilibration at the electrode surface. However, sensors can also be based on nonequilibrium, but steady-state, potentials established between electrochemical reactions at the electrode. Another approach is to use the current passing through the electrolyte, rather than the voltage across the electrolyte, as the sensor signal. In this chapter we first describe the different methods for using solid electrolytes in chemical sensors, and then discuss some of the materials challenges and example applications. IntroductionMore than 50 years ago, Kiukkola and Wagner [1] demonstrated that solid electrolytes couldbeusedingalvaniccellstomeasurethethermodynamicpropertiesofoxides.Those pioneering studies subsequently led to the more practical application of solid electrolytes in chemical sensors. The ionic conduction in solid electrolytes is thermally activated and thus its rate increases with increasing temperature; consequently, solid electrolytes are well suited for high-temperature applications. On the other hand, such temperature dependencealsomeansthatsensorsbasedonsolidelectrolytescanrespondsluggishlyor may be inoperable at low temperatures. However, one of the advantages of solid-state devices, such as those based on solid electrolytes, is that they can be miniaturized [2,3]. Decreasingthedevicedimensionsreducesdiffusionlengths,whichinturndecreasesthe response time and thus also the minimum operating temperature.Ionic conducting solids can be used in a variety of different types of sensor [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Solids forwhichthe ionicconductivity is much largerthanthe electronic conductivity can Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications. Edited by Vladislav V. Kharton

show abstract

“…Steels with very low oxygen content can establish an oxygen partial pressure that is low enough for significant electronic conductivity to occur in zirconia. Significant electronic conductivity in the electrolyte can lead to an erroneous sensor output [103]. One area of improving the performance of electrochemical probes with respect to applying them in on-line measurements in metallurgy is the substitution of zirconia -based solid electrolyte by an alternative ceramic material, which remains a pure oxygen ion conductor to lower oxygen pressure.…”

Section: Cazro 3 -Based Electrolytes For Oxygen Electrochemical Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Oxide Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Dudek¹

2008

Advances in Materials Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work is focused on the comparative analysis of electrical, electrochemical and mechanical properties of composite ceramic oxide electrolytes, providing a brief overview of the materials having better performance than monophase ones in various high temperature electrochemical devices such as: solid oxide fuel cells, sensors for automotive industry, oxygen probes for controlling metal processing. Introduction of Al 2 O 3 inclusions into cubic yttria -zirconia solid solution (8YSZ) matrix, caused the improvement of electrical and mechanical properties compared to pure 8YSZ. The Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 secondary phase was also able to coexist with 8YSZ matrix and the fracture toughness K Ic of 8YSZ ceramics was also significantly improved by Nd 2 Ti 2 O 7 addition.Heterophase oxide ionic conductors in the system Calcium zirconate -cubic calcia zirconia solid electrolytes seem to be promising solid electrolytes for application in electrochemical probes for controlling oxygen dissolved in molten steel. The ionic conduction limit for electrolytes based on CaZrO 3 is lower than that for calcia -stabilized zirconia (13CSZ). Hence CaZrO 3 -based materials perform better at low oxygen concentration at molten alloys.On the other hand composite layered ceramics involving Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2 /Bi 0.8 Eb 0.2 O 2 or Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2 /BaCe 0.8 Y 0.2 O 3 /Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 1.95 system exhibited better electrolytic stability in gas atmospheres with low oxygen partial pressure at the temperatures 600-800 o C. These materials are successfully tested as electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells. The gradient ceramic oxide electrolytes seems to overcome the limitation of applying them as solid electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells for long time performance.

show abstract

Sensors based on new oxide electrolyte and oxygen reference materials for on-line measurements in steel melts

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of Applied Voltage on Electroreduction with Controlled Oxygen Flow of Molten Slag Containing FeO at 1723 K

Effect of Applied Voltage on Electroreduction with Controlled Oxygen Flow of Molten Slag Containing FeO at 1723 K

Electrochemical Sensors: Fundamentals, Key Materials, and Applications

Composite Oxide Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About