Sensitization of continuously cooled austenitic stainless steels

Baroux, B.; Orlandi, M; Maitrepierre, Ph.

doi:10.1179/030716984803274783

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…25%, the kinetics is progressively promoted owing to the precipitation of Cr 2 N. Various views have been proposed by different authors to explain the effect of nitrogen on the sensitisation kinetics of stainless steels. 79,96,[108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115] The computation of the volume diffusion coefficient of chromium as a function of nitrogen indicates that nitrogen addition decreases the chromium diffusivity thereby retarding the nucleation and growth of carbides. 109 Another view is that in the presence of nitrogen, the passivation characteristics of the alloy are so superior that higher chromium depletion levels are necessary for intergranular corrosion.…”

Section: Influence Of Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of metallurgical variables on sensitisation kinetics in austenitic stainless steels

Dayal¹,

Parvathavarthini²,

Raj³

2005

International Materials Reviews

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Austenitic stainless steels are the most favoured construction materials for various components required in chemical, petrochemical, fertiliser and nuclear industries. However, these steels are prone to sensitisation. In the sensitised condition, the steels are quite susceptible to intergranular corrosion and intergranular stress corrosion cracking in chloride and caustic environments resulting in the premature failure of the fabricated components during precommissioning and service periods. The topic of sensitisation has been of interest in studies worldwide. The studies included mechanism of sensitisation, test methods, data generation, and influence of several variables and protection methods. This article covers a review of important contributions to this topic with special emphasis on the influence of metallurgical variables. The present state of understanding is discussed in the following areas: mechanisms, test methods, sensitisation diagrams, influence of chemical composition, cold work and grain size, low temperature sensitisation, modelling and laser surface treatment. The need for further investigation in certain areas is highlighted.

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Section: Influence Of Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of metallurgical variables on sensitisation kinetics in austenitic stainless steels

Dayal¹,

Parvathavarthini²,

Raj³

2005

International Materials Reviews

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“…In martensitic stainless steels that contain 13% chromium, adding just about 0.05 mass% Nb only slightly increases tempered hardness at a tempering temperature of below 600°C, but the increase is much greater at 650°C, because fine NbC carbides precipitate in the matrix, and these carbides retard the recovery of dislocations. 7) Nbcontaining alloys such as H-46 typically have a favorable stress-rupture characteristic (creep resistance) over short testing times (100 to 1000 h) but they lose this strength advantage over periods of about 10,000 h or more. The favorable effects of Nb additions on short-term stress-rupture properties are attributed to the precipitation of finely dispersed NbC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and Characteristics of Low-Carbon Martensitic Stainless Steels on Turbine Blades

Lee

Liu

Hou³

2015

Mater. Trans.

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) martensitic stainless steels are modified from the basic martensitic stainless steel 410 (0.12%C-12%Cr). They contain Nb and are utilized in the blades of turbines for generating power. This study investigates the heat treatment characteristics, microstructure and secondary hardenability of 410M1 and 410M2.The precipitation hardening of 410 occurs at 400°C but that of 410M1 or 410M2 occurs earlier at 300°C. The peak hardening of 410 occurs at 450°C but that of 410M1 or 410M2 occurs at 500°C. Clearly, addition of Nb improves the mechanical properties of steel at high temperature.Under quenching conditions, 410M1 and 410M2 are lath martensites. 410M2 contains not only Nb but also Mo, V, and N, which improve its secondary hardenability over that of 410M1. From the characteristic chart of quenching and tempering, the tempering softening and the increase in impact toughness of 410M2 are delayed as a high tempering temperature range of 650°C to 670°C is reached. This phenomenon is observed by FE SEM and proves that NbC-carbide with 20³40 nm are precipitated in the matrix. This investigation studies the effect of alloy design on its toughness, secondary hardenability, microstructure and applications.

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Sensitization and Intergranular Corrosion Behavior of High Nitrogen Type 304LN Stainless Steels for Reprocessing and Waste Management Applications

Parvathavarthini

Mudali

Nenova

et al. 2012

Metall Mater Trans A

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Sensitization of continuously cooled austenitic stainless steels

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of metallurgical variables on sensitisation kinetics in austenitic stainless steels

Influence of metallurgical variables on sensitisation kinetics in austenitic stainless steels

Application and Characteristics of Low-Carbon Martensitic Stainless Steels on Turbine Blades

Sensitization and Intergranular Corrosion Behavior of High Nitrogen Type 304LN Stainless Steels for Reprocessing and Waste Management Applications

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