Sensitivity to Velocity- and Disparity-Based Cues to Motion-In-Depth With and Without Spared Stereopsis in Binocular Visual Impairment

Maloney, Ryan T.; Kaestner, Milena; Bruce, Alison; Bloj, Marina; Harris, Julie M.; Wade, Alex R.

doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23692

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Participants’ sensitivity to MID in achromatic and isoluminant S-cone CD and IOVD stimuli was measured using dot coherence thresholds. The SNR in MID stimuli was incremented in a Bayesian ψ staircasing procedure (73), within a two-interval forced choice paradigm similar to other MID studies (4, 82). Participants indicated which of the two intervals contained MID, where one interval contained the CD or IOVD stimulus and the other contained the respective control stimulus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals

Kaestner

Maloney

Wailes-Newson

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motion in depth (MID) can be cued by high-resolution changes in binocular disparity over time (CD), and low-resolution interocular velocity differences (IOVD). Computational differences between these two mechanisms suggest that they may be implemented in visual pathways with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Here, we used fMRI to examine how achromatic and S-cone signals contribute to human MID perception. Both CD and IOVD stimuli evoked responses in a widespread network that included early visual areas, parts of the dorsal and ventral streams, and motion-selective area hMT+. Crucially, however, we measured an interaction between MID type and chromaticity. fMRI CD responses were largely driven by achromatic stimuli, but IOVD responses were better driven by isoluminant S-cone inputs. In our psychophysical experiments, when S-cone and achromatic stimuli were matched for perceived contrast, participants were equally sensitive to the MID in achromatic and S-cone IOVD stimuli. In comparison, they were relatively insensitive to S-cone CD. These findings provide evidence that MID mechanisms asymmetrically draw on information in precortical pathways. An early opponent motion signal optimally conveyed by the S-cone pathway may provide a substantial contribution to the IOVD mechanism.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals

Kaestner

Maloney

Wailes-Newson

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The stimuli were similar to those used in previous papers (Kaestner et al, 2019; Maloney et al, 2018). Briefly, MID stimuli consisted of random dot patterns that were designed to experimentally dissociate CD- or IOVD-based mechanisms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants’ 3D vision was tested using the TNO Stereo Test, 19 th edition (Lameris Ootech, NL) to ensure that they had functional stereo-acuity (with thresholds at or below 120 arcsec). This test screens for static depth perception (rather than MID perception) as traditionally defined in clinical settings (see Maloney et al, 2018). During the EEG cap set-up, participants were presented with a demonstration of each of the four stimulus conditions on the VIEWpixx display, whereby the stimuli oscillated towards and away continuously according to the linear ramp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding neural responses to motion-in-depth using EEG

Himmelberg

Segala

Wade

2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two stereoscopic cues that underlie the perception of motion-in-depth (MID) are changes in retinal disparity over time (CD) and interocular velocity differences (IOVD). These cues have independent spatiotemporal sensitivity profiles, depend upon different low-level stimulus properties, and are potentially processed along separate cortical pathways. Here, we ask whether these MID cues code for different motion directions: do they give rise to discriminable patterns of neural signals, and is there evidence for their convergence onto a single 'motion-in-depth' area later in the visual hierarchy? To answer this, we use a decoding algorithm to test whether, and when, patterns of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals generated in response to CD- and IOVD-isolating stimuli moving towards or away in depth can be distinguished. We find that that both MID cue type and 3D-motion direction can be decoded at different points in the EEG timecourse and that direction decoding cannot be accounted for by static disparity information. Remarkably, we find evidence for late processing convergence: IOVD motion direction can be decoded relatively late in the timecourse based on a decoder trained on CD stimuli, and vice versa. We conclude that early CD and IOVD direction decoding performance is dependent upon fundamentally different low-level stimulus features, but that later stages of decoding performance may be driven by a central, shared pathway that is agnostic to these features. Overall, these data are the first to show that neural responses to CD and IOVD cues that move towards and away in depth can be decoded from EEG signals, and that different aspects of MID-cues contribute to decoding performance at different points along the EEG timecourse.

show abstract

“…The stimuli were similar to those used in previous papers (Maloney et al, 2018;Kaestner et al, 2019). Briefly, MID stimuli consisted of random dot patterns that were designed to experimentally dissociate CD-or IOVD-based mechanisms.…”

Section: And Iovd Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strips alternated across the eyes to ensure that they did not coincide on the two retinae (Shioiri et al, 2000(Shioiri et al, , 2008. On the rare occasion when a dot fell near the border of a horizontal strip in the left eye that was close to the dot near the border of the horizontal strip in the right eye, these dots were assigned opposite contrast polarity to disrupt any potential disparity signals (Maloney et al, 2018).…”

Section: And Iovd Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding Neural Responses to Motion-in-Depth Using EEG

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two stereoscopic cues that underlie the perception of motion-in-depth (MID) are changes in retinal disparity over time (CD) and interocular velocity differences (IOVD). These cues have independent spatiotemporal sensitivity profiles, depend upon different low-level stimulus properties, and are potentially processed along separate cortical pathways. Here, we ask whether these MID cues code for different motion directions: do they give rise to discriminable patterns of neural signals, and is there evidence for their convergence onto a single “motion-in-depth” pathway? To answer this, we use a decoding algorithm to test whether, and when, patterns of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals measured from across the full scalp, generated in response to CD- and IOVD-isolating stimuli moving toward or away in depth can be distinguished. We find that both MID cue type and 3D-motion direction can be decoded at different points in the EEG timecourse and that direction decoding cannot be accounted for by static disparity information. Remarkably, we find evidence for late processing convergence: IOVD motion direction can be decoded relatively late in the timecourse based on a decoder trained on CD stimuli, and vice versa. We conclude that early CD and IOVD direction decoding performance is dependent upon fundamentally different low-level stimulus features, but that later stages of decoding performance may be driven by a central, shared pathway that is agnostic to these features. Overall, these data are the first to show that neural responses to CD and IOVD cues that move toward and away in depth can be decoded from EEG signals, and that different aspects of MID-cues contribute to decoding performance at different points along the EEG timecourse.

show abstract

Sensitivity to Velocity- and Disparity-Based Cues to Motion-In-Depth With and Without Spared Stereopsis in Binocular Visual Impairment

Cited by 6 publications

References 44 publications

Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals

Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals

Decoding neural responses to motion-in-depth using EEG

Decoding Neural Responses to Motion-in-Depth Using EEG

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About