Sensitivity to strobilurin fungicides of Italian Venturia inaequalis populations with different origin and scab control

Fiaccadori, R.; Cicognani, E.; Alberoni, Giulia; Brunelli, A.

doi:10.1002/ps.2090

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Some authors reported the presence of resistant populations of V. inaequalis [23] [24] and they defined in vitro values for resistant populations similar to the one defined in our previous work [22]. Moreover, Fontaine and collabrators [24] were in agreement with our previous study supporting the concept that the G143A substitution was almost always present in resistant populations and sometimes also in sensitive ones [25]. Even when it is present at very low frequencies, the mutation can be identified utilizing quantitative Real-Time PCR [26].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in Venturia inaequalis Samples

Turan¹,

Nanni²,

Landi³

et al. 2021

AJPS

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Apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint. is the most important disease of apple trees worldwide and requires a high number of fungicide applications. The G143A substitution in the inhibitor binding site of cytochrome b of V. inaequalis confers a high level of resistance to strobilurins targeting the bc 1 complex. The aim of this work was to substitute the labor intensive in vitro assays, with the faster quantitative PCR. An allele-specific qPCR method with a newly designed primer set was successfully developed to quantitatively determine the frequency of QoI-resistant A143 allele in populations of V. inaequalis. To be able to suggest that the molecular method could be applied as unique and robust technique, we carried out in vitro sensitivity test to trifloxystrobin; first testing the relative germination and subsequently confirmed with the quantification of mutated allele frequencies by qPCR on forty-nine Italian V. inaequalis populations. qPCR gave a similar pattern to that obtained using in vitro conidial germination test in predominantly sensitive and resistant populations, the variability between these two tests was observed in some heterogeneous populations. The qPCR assay developed in this study efficiently quantifies the A143 allele and we can conclude that this method could be useful for the study of the fungicide resistance at population level in the fields, giving a quick response also with a large amount of samples.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in Venturia inaequalis Samples

Turan¹,

Nanni²,

Landi³

et al. 2021

AJPS

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“…I do not presume that resistant monoconidial isolates of V. inaequalis, show a low difference of growth respect sensible ones because V. inaequalis monoconidia have normally a low increase. Indeed in others situations, as with strobilurins, the difference in development between sensible and resistant monoconidial colonies appeared very strong [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In Vitro, in Vivo and in Field Sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis to Anilinopyrimidine Fungicides with Different Types of Scab Management and Degree of Control

Fiaccadori¹

2018

OALib

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The sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis to anilino-pyrimidine (AP) fungicides (pyrimethanil and cyprodinil) was studied on populations sampled from apple trees with different fungicide and APs histories: 1) apple trees in uncultivated areas never exposed to fungicides (wild types), 2) commercial orchards with many years of good scab control with APs (well-controlled); 3) populations in experimental Centre where an initial good activity decreased after several years of intensive use (poorly controlled). The in vitro sensitivity tests were performed on monoconidial isolates, while those in vivo with curative or preventive applications on populations inoculated on apple seedlings. In the field, the infection on apple trees was assessed as severity of attack on leaves. The results evidenced that the sensitivity in vitro to pyrimethanil and cyprodinil showed a progressive lower reduction from wild types to well controlled, ending with poorly controlled populations. In vivo tests the same moderate decrease of sensitivity and activity (with a wide range) was more evident with curative, respect preventive applications, as noticed also with an important DMI (difenoconazole). In field trials, the populations intensively treated with APs showed, after some years, a reduction of control, that was confirmed in the following years. These activity reductions were sensibly less strong respect those evidenced by strobilurins, both in field and in vitro tests. The particular characteristic of resistance to AP fungicides is discussed.

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“…The growth of young shoots increased by 41-45%, the aging of the leaf apparatus slowed down due to an increase in photosynthetic activity and growth processes. However, due to the resistance to strobilurins, observed in many countries [11][12][13][14][15], they began to be used to a greater extent as a component for the combination of preparations. The range of fungicides was supplemented by low-toxic preparations with new active substances from carboxamides and anilinopyrimidines: Luna Tranquility, SC (125 + 375 g/l) based on a combination of pyrimethanil and fluopyram; Fontelis, SC (200 g/l, penthiopyrad), as well as a combination of difenoconazole and flutriafol Medea, ME (50 + 30 g/l).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difenoconazole-based fungicides for orchard protection

Гришечкина¹,

Podgornaya

Dolzhenko³

2021

BIO Web Conf.

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A comparative assessment of the effectiveness of 4 difenoconazole-based fungicides in the fight against apple scab in the Krasnodar region and the Rostov Region for several years has been carried out. The preparations Sercadis Plus, SC were applicated at a rate of application of 1.2 l/ha; Embrelia, SC – 1.5 l/ha; Cidely Top, DС – 0.7 l/ha and Tersel, WG – 2.5 kg/ha three times, against different infectious backgrounds, starting with the “pink bud” phenophase (the end of flowering stage). The following apple cultivars were used: Idared, Champion and Golden Delicious. Research has shown that all studied fungicides significantly reduced the scab infestation of apple leaves and fruits. This resulted in obtaining additional yield in the range of 12.6-46.0%. The fruit grade was high after the treatments: 93.0-100% in the Krasnodar region and 81.5-91.5% in the Rostov Region, while in the nil treatment the percentages of standard products were 68.5% and 44.6%, respectively. According to the toxic load indicator, difenoconazole-based fungicides, such as Embrelia, SC (11.6 LD50 per hectare), were less dangerous for the fruit cenosis.

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Sensitivity to strobilurin fungicides of Italian Venturia inaequalis populations with different origin and scab control

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in <i>Venturia inaequalis</i> Samples

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in <i>Venturia inaequalis</i> Samples

In Vitro, in Vivo and in Field Sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis to Anilinopyrimidine Fungicides with Different Types of Scab Management and Degree of Control

Difenoconazole-based fungicides for orchard protection

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Sensitivity to strobilurin fungicides of Italian Venturia inaequalis populations with different origin and scab control

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in &lt;i&gt;Venturia inaequalis&lt;/i&gt; Samples

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in &lt;i&gt;Venturia inaequalis&lt;/i&gt; Samples

In Vitro, in Vivo and in Field Sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis to Anilinopyrimidine Fungicides with Different Types of Scab Management and Degree of Control

Difenoconazole-based fungicides for orchard protection

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Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in <i>Venturia inaequalis</i> Samples

Fine Tuning of Real Time PCR as a First Tool for the Detection of G143A Substitution in <i>Venturia inaequalis</i> Samples