Sensitivity to reward is associated with snack and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in adolescents

Cock, Nathalie De; Lippevelde, Wendy Van; Vervoort, Leentje; Vangeel, Jolien; Maes, Lea; Eggermont, Steven; Braet, Caroline; Lachat, Carl; Huybregts, Lieven; Goossens, Lien; Beullens, Kathleen; Kolsteren, Patrick; Camp, John Van

doi:10.1007/s00394-015-0981-3

Cited by 47 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Thereby, RS was measured with a questionnaire that is easily and practically applicable for prevention purposes. The suggested increased risk for high RS girls is assumed to be explained by a higher vulnerability to palatable food cues in the environment (Paquet et al, 2010), followed by a higher motivation to obtain the food and resulting in higher consumption of these energy-dense foods (De Cock et al, 2016;De Decker et al, 2016). However, this was not tested in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Hence, the Drive subscale is most strongly linked to the RS concept as described in the introduction section. Additionally, of the three BAS subscales, Drive has the highest internal consistency (De Cock et al, 2016;Vervoort et al, 2015) and correlates most strongly with neural responses to food reward cues in multiple loci of the brain reward circuitry (r ~ 0.8) (Beaver et al, 2006). Therefore, the term RS in the text below refers to the sum score of the four items of the Drive subscale, which were scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not true; 2=somewhat true; 3=true, 4=very true; total range on Drive subscale: 4-16).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a general RS questionnaire, cross-sectional studies have reported higher consumption of palatable food (De Cock et al, 2016;De Decker et al, 2016;Paquet et al, 2010), food cravings (Franken & Muris, 2005), over-eating (Davis et al, 2007), and overweight (Davis & Fox, 2008;De Decker et al, 2016;Dietrich, Federbusch, Grellmann, Villringer, & Horstmann, 2014;Verbeken, Braet, Lammertyn, Goossens, & Moens, 2012) with higher RS. Some of these studies differentiated by sex and reported that this relation was primarily present in females (De Cock et al, 2016;Dietrich et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these studies differentiated by sex and reported that this relation was primarily present in females (De Cock et al, 2016;Dietrich et al, 2014). To confirm that higher scores on a general RS questionnaire indeed increase the risk of excess adiposity gain, longitudinal studies are needed but these are as far as we know absent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fat and lean tissue accretion in relation to reward motivation in children

et al. 2017

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Abstract'Reward sensitivity' explains inter-individual differences in the motivation to obtain rewards when reward cues are perceived. This psychobiological trait has been linked to higher consumption of palatable food when exposed to palatable food cues. The current study aims to examine if reward sensitivity explains differences in patterns of fat and lean tissue accretion over time in children. A longitudinal observational study with measurement waves in 2011 (baseline), 2012, 2013, and 2015 was conducted. The sample was a population-based Flemish cohort of children (n=446, 50% boys and 5.5 to 12 years at baseline; 38.8% of the baseline sample also participated in 2015). Baseline reward sensitivity of the children was assessed by parent ratings on the Drive subscale of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System scales. Age-and sex-independent Fat and Lean Mass Index z-scores (zFMI and zLMI respectively) were computed for each study wave based on air-displacement plethysmography. In girls, but not boys, reward sensitivity was positively associated with the baseline zFMI and zLMI (95% confidence intervals of unstandardized estimates: 0.01 to 0.11 and 0.01 to 0.10 respectively, P values 0.01 and 0.02 respectively). Further, reward sensitivity explained 14.8% and 11.6% of the change in girls' zFMI and zLMI respectively over four years: the zFMI and zLMI increased and decreased respectively in high reward sensitive girls (95% confidence intervals of unstandardized estimates: 0.01 to 0.11 and -0.12 to -0.01 respectively, P values 0.01 and 0.02 respectively). Hence, girls high in reward sensitivity had significantly higher adiposity gain over four years parallel with lower increase in lean mass than was expected on the basis of their age and height. These results may help to identify appropriate targets for interventions for obesity prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fat and lean tissue accretion in relation to reward motivation in children

et al. 2017

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“…In children and adolescents, RS has been positively associated with palatable food consumption [17,18]. Moreover, food cue responsiveness has been identified as a mediator of the relation between RS and palatable food consumption in adolescents [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Palatable food consumption in children: interplay between (food) reward motivation and the home food environment

et al. 2017

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The findings point at the importance of the home food environment in children high in reward sensitivity. They suggest to limit the home availability of unhealthy foods. What is Known: • Reward sensitivity (RS) is positively associated with children's palatable food consumption • In adolescents, this effect is mediated by food cue responsiveness, which determines the strength of an individual's motivation to obtain food when perceiving food cues What is New: • Children high in RS may be more vulnerable to palatable food cues in their everyday food environment because of a higher food cue responsiveness • The home food environment may be an important determining factor of the palatable food consumption of these children.

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Factors influencing the reinforcing value of fruit and unhealthy snacks

et al. 2016

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1 Adolescents' snack choices could be altered by increasing the reinforcing value (RV), of 2 healthy snacks compared to unhealthy snacks. This study assessed whether the RV of fruit 3 increased by linking it to a reward and if this increased RV was comparable to the RV of 4 unhealthy snacks alone. Moderation effects of sex, hunger, zBMI and sensitivity to reward were 5 also explored. The RV of snacks was assessed in a sample of 165 adolescents (15.1±1.5 years, 6 39.4% boys and 17.4% overweight) using a computerized food reinforcement task. Adolescents 7 obtained points for snacks through mouse clicks (responses) following progressive ratio 8 schedules of increasing response requirements. Participants were (computer) randomized to 9 three experimental groups (1:1:1): fruit (n=53), fruit + reward (n=60) or unhealthy snacks 10 (n=69). The RV was evaluated as total number of responses and breakpoint (schedule of 11 terminating food reinforcement task). Multilevel regression analyses (total number of 12 responses) and Cox's proportional hazard regression models (breakpoint) were used. The total 13 number of responses made were not different between fruit + reward and fruit (b=-473 [-1152, 14 205], p=0.17) or unhealthy snacks (b=410 [-222, 1043], p=0.20). The breakpoint was slightly 15 higher for fruit than fruit + reward (HR=1.34 [1.00, 1.79], p=0.050), while no difference 16 between unhealthy snacks and fruit + reward (HR=0.86 [0.62, 1.18], p=0.34) was observed. No 17 indication of moderation was found. Offering rewards slightly increases the RV of fruit and 18 may be a promising strategy to increase healthy food choices. Future studies should however, 19 explore if other rewards, could reach larger effect sizes. 20 21 3

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Sensitivity to reward is associated with snack and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in adolescents

Cited by 47 publications

References 48 publications

Fat and lean tissue accretion in relation to reward motivation in children

Fat and lean tissue accretion in relation to reward motivation in children

Palatable food consumption in children: interplay between (food) reward motivation and the home food environment

Factors influencing the reinforcing value of fruit and unhealthy snacks

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