Sensitivity to relative disparity in early visual cortex of pigmented and albino ferrets

Kalberlah, Christian; Distler, C.; Hoffmann, Klaus‐Peter

doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1545-z

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…However, responses evoked by the two eyes separately were differently affected supporting a role of the corpus callosum in stereoscopic function as suggested before for humans [141, 142] and animals with disparity selective neurons [138, 143]. In ferrets, who also have a large proportion of disparity selective neurons [144], we observe a more complex influence of callosal input on vertically preferring units than on others. This is compatible with the interpretation that those units, which presumably participate in horizontal disparity coding at the midline, are under the control of callosal interactions [75].…”

Section: Callosal Input and Binocularitysupporting

confidence: 83%

The Visual Callosal Connection: A Connection Like Any Other?

Schmidt

2013

Neural Plasticity

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Recent work about the role of visual callosal connections in ferrets and cats is reviewed, and morphological and functional homologies between the lateral intrinsic and callosal network in early visual areas are discussed. Both networks selectively link distributed neuronal groups with similar response properties, and the actions exerted by callosal input reflect the functional topography of those networks. This supports the notion that callosal connections perpetuate the function of the lateral intrahemispheric circuit onto the other hemisphere. Reversible deactivation studies indicate that the main action of visual callosal input is a multiplicative shift of responses rather than a changing response selectivity. Both the gain of that action and its excitatory-inhibitory balance seem to be dynamically adapted to the feedforward drive by the visual stimulus onto primary visual cortex. Taken together anatomical and functional evidence from corticocortical and lateral circuits further leads to the conclusion that visual callosal connections share more features with lateral intrahemispheric connections on the same hierarchical level and less with feedback connections. I propose that experimental results about the callosal circuit in early visual areas can be interpreted with respect to lateral connectivity in general.

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Section: Callosal Input and Binocularitysupporting

confidence: 83%

The Visual Callosal Connection: A Connection Like Any Other?

Schmidt

2013

Neural Plasticity

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“…Although 20% of all primary visual neurons are driven only by the contralateral eye (Kalberlah et al 2009), the cortex region we investigated contains the binocular portion of the visual field and ocular dominance columns (Law et al 1988; White et al 1999). In this region, 50–60% of the vertically or near vertically driven neurons are modulated by horizontal disparity (Kalberlah et al 2009). It is thus possible that our results reflect a specific influence of callosal connectivity on horizontal disparity–selective neurons and thus on depth perception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specificity of Neuronal Responses in Primary Visual Cortex Is Modulated by Interhemispheric CorticoCortical Input

2010

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Within the visual cortex, it has been proposed that interhemispheric interactions serve to re-establish the continuity of the visual field across its vertical meridian (VM) by mechanisms similar to those used by intrinsic connections within a hemisphere. However, other specific functions of transcallosal projections have also been proposed, including contributing to disparity tuning and depth perception. Here, we consider whether interhemispheric connections modulate specific response properties, orientation and direction selectivity, of neurons in areas 17 and 18 of the ferret by combining reversible thermal deactivation in one hemisphere with optical imaging of intrinsic signals and single-cell electrophysiology in the other hemisphere. We found interhemispheric influences on both the strength and specificity of the responses to stimulus orientation and direction of motion, predominantly at the VM. However, neurons and domains preferring cardinal contours, in particular vertical contours, seem to receive stronger interhemispheric input than others. This finding is compatible with interhemispheric connections being involved in horizontal disparity tuning. In conclusion, our results support the view that interhemispheric interactions mainly perform integrative functions similar to those of connections intrinsic to one hemisphere.

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“…The histological material has been used for decades to train neuroanatomy course students at the Department of Zoology and Neurobiology. Four adult pigmented ferrets ( Mustela putorius furo, Table 2 ) received biotin dextrane amine (BDA) injections into the motion-sensitive posterior suprasylvian area ( Philipp et al, 2006 , Kalberlah et al, 2009 ). Five adult cats ( Table 2 ) received biocytin injections into visual cortex at around the border of area 17 to area 18 (Distler and Hoffmann, unpublished).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human

Wahle

Sobierajski

Gasterstädt

et al. 2022

eLife

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The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, become integrated in the somatodendritic compartment and upon reaching a sufficient threshold, generate axonal output with axons emerging from the cell body. The latter is not necessarily the case. Instead, axons may originate from dendrites. The terms 'axon carrying dendrite' (AcD) and 'AcD neurons' have been coined to describe this feature. In rodent hippocampus, AcD cells are shown to be functionally 'privileged', since inputs here can circumvent somatic integration and lead to immediate action potential initiation in the axon. Here, we report on the diversity of axon origins in neocortical pyramidal cells of rodent, ungulate, carnivore, and primate. Detection methods were Thy-1-EGFP labeling in mouse, retrograde biocytin tracing in rat, cat, ferret, and macaque, SMI-32/βIV-spectrin immunofluorescence in pig, cat, and macaque, and Golgi staining in macaque and human. We found that in non-primate mammals, 10-21% of pyramidal cells of layers II-VI had an AcD. In marked contrast, in macaque and human, this proportion was lower, and was particularly low for supragranular neurons. A comparison of six cortical areas (sensory, association, limbic) in three macaques yielded percentages of AcD cells which varied by a factor of 2 between the areas and between the individuals. Unexpectedly, pyramidal cells in the white matter of postnatal cat and aged human cortex exhibit AcDs to much higher percentages. In addition, interneurons assessed in developing cat and adult human cortex had AcDs at type-specific proportions and for some types at much higher percentages than pyramidal cells. Our findings expand the current knowledge regarding the distribution and proportion of AcD cells in neocortex of non-primate taxa, which strikingly differ from primates where these cells are mainly found in deeper layers and white matter.

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Sensitivity to relative disparity in early visual cortex of pigmented and albino ferrets

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

The Visual Callosal Connection: A Connection Like Any Other?

The Visual Callosal Connection: A Connection Like Any Other?

Specificity of Neuronal Responses in Primary Visual Cortex Is Modulated by Interhemispheric CorticoCortical Input

Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human

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