Sensitivity to juvenile hormone is not reduced in clustering monarch butterflies, <i>Danaus plexippus</i>, in Australia

James, David G.; Hales, Dinah F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1983.tb00359.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Consequently, the overwintering survival strategy of the monarch might be expected to be less specialized in Australia than it is in North America. This is supported by earlier studies which indicate an absence of, rigid physiological control of reproductive dormancy in Australian monarchs (James, 1982a;James & Hales, 1983) and limited migration (Smithers, 1977;James, 1982b and unpublished observations). However, the data presented here indicate that the biochemical adjustments made by Australian monarchs for overwintering are comparable to those that occur in North American monarchs.…”

Section: Energy Reserves Of Australian Monarch Butterflies 427supporting

confidence: 81%

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Phenology of weight, moisture and energy reserves of Australian monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus

James

1984

Ecological Entomology

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1. In the Sydney area of New South Wales, dry weights of reproductive monarch butterflies averaged 156 mg and were higher during winter than in other seasons. Dry weights of non-reproductive monarchs ranged from 216 t o 324 mg and declined by 1~2 5 % during overwintering.2. Fat in reproductive butterflies ranged from 0.009 to 0.017g/O.lg dry weight and was lower during winter than in other seasons. Fat content of nonreproductive monarchs washigher (0.019-0.037 g/O.1 g) and declined by 24-51% during overwintering.3. Lean dry weights of reproductive monarchs were lower than those of nonreproductive individuals. Lean dry weights of non-reproductive butterflies increased rapidly at the beginning of overwintering and remained high throughout the winter. Analysis of protein content indicated the higher lean weight of non-reproductive monarchs was due to greater protein levels.4. Moisture content of monarchs did not vary with season or reproductive status and appeared t o be correlated with ambient humidity. 5. Non-reproductive monarch butterflies in New South Wales adjust biochemically during overwintering. Energy reserve dynamics of these butterflies are comparable to those that occur in non-reproductive monarchs in North America.

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Section: Energy Reserves Of Australian Monarch Butterflies 427supporting

confidence: 81%

“…The Australian monarch has been the subject of recent studies (Smithers, 1965(Smithers, , 1972(Smithers, , 1977James, 1979James, , 1981James, , 1982aJames, , b, 1983James & Hales, 1983). Breeding populations occur widely in eastern Australia during spring and summer (September-February), but contract northwards during autumn (March-May).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phenology of weight, moisture and energy reserves of Australian monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus

James

1984

Ecological Entomology

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“…Some traits show a certain degree of conservation among populations (Freedman et al, 2018). In contrast, Australian monarchs do not show a full diapause but rather undergo a seasonally-controlled oligopause (James, 1982;James & Hales, 1983).…”

Section: Diapause Termination As a Model Of Long-term Timekeepingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monarch butterflies use an environmentally sensitive, internal timer to control overwintering dynamics

Green

Kronforst

2019

Molecular Ecology

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The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) complements its iconic migration with diapause, a hormonally controlled developmental programme that contributes to winter survival at overwintering sites. Although timing is a critical adaptive feature of diapause, how environmental cues are integrated with genetically‐determined physiological mechanisms to time diapause development, particularly termination, is not well understood. In a design that subjected western North American monarchs to different environmental chamber conditions over time, we modularized constituent components of an environmentally‐controlled, internal diapause termination timer. Using comparative transcriptomics, we identified molecular controllers of these specific diapause termination components. Calcium signalling mediated environmental sensitivity of the diapause timer, and we speculate that it is a key integrator of environmental condition (cold temperature) with downstream hormonal control of diapause. Juvenile hormone (JH) signalling changed spontaneously in diapause‐inducing conditions, capacitating response to future environmental condition. Although JH is a major target of the internal timer, it is not itself the timer. Epigenetic mechanisms are implicated to be the proximate timing mechanism. Ecdysteroid, JH, and insulin/insulin‐like peptide signalling are major targets of the diapause programme used to control response to permissive environmental conditions. Understanding the environmental and physiological mechanisms of diapause termination sheds light on fundamental properties of biological timing, and also helps inform expectations for how monarch populations may respond to future climate change.

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Population and General Biology of Non-Reproductive Colonies of the Monarch Butterfly, Danaus Plexippus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) in New South Wales.

James¹

1984

Aust. J. Zool.

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Data were obtained on population and general biology of three non-reproductive overwintering colonies ofthe monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Danaidae) during April-August in 1980,1981 and 1982 at a site near Camden in New South Wales. A mark, release and recapture study showed that the 1981 colony was largely stable and the 1982 colony was migratory. In 1980 and 1981 populations comprised less than 500 individuals but in 1982 a peak population of 3500 butterflies was recorded. Males were sexually active throughout clustering. Most females were mated but showed no ovarian development. Periods of flight and feeding activity were common. The condition of most butterflies did not deteriorate markedly during clustering. Comparisons between winter non-reproductive monarch populations in North America and Australia are discussed.

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Sensitivity to juvenile hormone is not reduced in clustering monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus, in Australia

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Phenology of weight, moisture and energy reserves of Australian monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus

Phenology of weight, moisture and energy reserves of Australian monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterflies use an environmentally sensitive, internal timer to control overwintering dynamics

Population and General Biology of Non-Reproductive Colonies of the Monarch Butterfly, Danaus Plexippus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) in New South Wales.

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