Sensitivity study of the influence of cloud droplet concentration on hail suppression effectiveness

Kovačević, Nemanja; Ćurić, Mladjen

doi:10.1007/s00703-013-0296-y

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Minimum and maximum values for other hydrometeors are provided by Kovačević andĆurić (2014) [28]. Cloud ice crystals are distributed in agreement with Hu and He (1988) [30].…”

Section: Of 22mentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Kovačević

Veljovic

2018

Atmosphere

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This sensitivity study examined the impact of drizzle on hailstorm characteristics and precipitation on the ground. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme is modified by introducing mixing ratio and number concentration of drizzle. Therefore, the cloud model integrates the mixing ratio and number concentration of the eight microphysical particles: cloud droplets, drizzle, raindrops, cloud ice, snowflakes, graupel, frozen raindrops and hailstones. We compared two microphysical schemes depending on whether drizzle particles are present or not. It can be noted that the presence of drizzle category slows the development of the rain in the hailstorm and its appearance on the ground. The increased values of radar reflectivity factor in simulations with drizzle are a result of significantly higher values of raindrop number concentration rather than their sizes and indicate the presence of hail as well. There are prominent decreases of the radar reflectivity factor in simulations with drizzle. The occurrence of heavy showers does not exist in results without drizzle. The absence of drizzle category leads to greater accumulations of rain and a wider area of downdrafts. The alternate case produces both weaker downdrafts and smaller area of downdraft cells due to a slower autoconversion of drizzle to rain and a smaller rain evaporation. A smaller amount of surface hail is expected in the non-drizzle case.

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“…Minimum and maximum values for other hydrometeors are provided by Kovačević andĆurić (2014) [28]. Cloud ice crystals are distributed in agreement with Hu and He (1988) [30].…”

Section: Of 22mentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Kovačević

Veljovic

2018

Atmosphere

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“…Compared with the initial formation of hailstones depicted in Figure 13, we noted a similar behaviour of this contribution over time. The prevailing process for hail growth is the accretion of cloud droplets -D hacw (in the dry growth of hail; [22]). Similar to the autoconversion (P gauth and P fauth ) above, D hacw = f (1/λ h ) [21].…”

Section: Hailmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1. Maximum and minimum diameters of the microphysical categories [22]. The assumed size distribution function of the entire drop spectra (cloud droplets and raindrops) is the unified Khrgian-Mazin size distribution defined as [22,37]:…”

Section: Model Versionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of Khrgian-Mazin distributed drops, Ćurić et al [8] varied the mean drop radius (from 10-50 μm in 10 μm steps) and compared the results with those of the conventional approach (monodisperse distribution for cloud droplets and the Marshall-Palmer distribution of raindrops) of the single-moment bulk scheme. We assume that the drops (cloud droplets and raindrops) are described by a unified Khrgian-Mazin size distribution with a division between cloud droplet and raindrop spectra [22]. A unified size distribution of the overall drops prevents an unnatural gap (discontinuity) at the limit of the two spectra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…proportional or equal to the corresponding moment of the size distribution function. Therefore, depending on the number of moments-single-moment [12][13][14][15][16][17], double-moment [18][19][20][21][22] and triple-moment [23][24][25][26]-bulk microphysical schemes can be distinguished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Kovačević

Ćurić

2015

Atmosphere

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Abstract:In this study, two bulk microphysical schemes were compared across mean radius values of the entire drop spectra. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model was used to analyze surface precipitation characteristics. The model included the following microphysical categories: water vapour, cloud droplets, raindrops, ice crystals, snow, graupel, frozen raindrops and hail. Two bulk schemes were used: a single-moment scheme in which the mean radius was specified as a parameter and a double-moment scheme in which the mean radius of drops was calculated diagnostically with a fixed value for the cloud droplet number concentration. Experiments were conducted out for three values of the mean radius (in the single-moment scheme) and two cloud droplet number concentrations (in the double-moment scheme). There were large differences in the surface precipitation for the two schemes, the simulated precipitation generated by the double-moment scheme had a higher sensitivity. The single-moment scheme generated an unrealistic collection rate of cloud droplets by raindrops and hail as well as unrealistic evaporation of rain and melting of solid hydrometeors; these processes led to inaccurate timing and amounts of surface precipitation.

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Role of microphysical parameterizations with droplet relative dispersion in IAP AGCM 4.1

et al. 2018

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Previous studies have shown that accurate descriptions of the cloud droplet effective radius (R e ) and the autoconversion process of cloud droplets to raindrops (Au) can effectively improve simulated clouds and surface precipitation, and reduce the uncertainty of aerosol indirect effects in global climate models (GCMs). In this paper, we implement cloud microphysical schemes including two-moment Au and R e considering relative dispersion of the cloud droplet size distribution into version 4.1 of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics atmospheric GCM (IAP AGCM 4.1), which is the atmospheric component of the Chinese Academy of Sciences-Earth System model (CAS-ESM 1.0). Analysis of the effects of different schemes shows that the newly implemented schemes can improve both the simulated shortwave (SWCF) and longwave cloud radiative forcings (LWCF) as compared to the standard scheme in IAP AGCM 4.1. The new schemes also effectively enhance the large-scale precipitation, especially over low latitudes, although the influences of total precipitation are insignificant for different schemes. Further studies show that similar results can be found with the Community Atmosphere Model 5.1 (CAM5.1).

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Sensitivity study of the influence of cloud droplet concentration on hail suppression effectiveness

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Role of microphysical parameterizations with droplet relative dispersion in IAP AGCM 4.1

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