Sensitivity, polarity, and conductance change in the response of vertebrate hair cells to controlled mechanical stimuli.

Hudspeth, A. J.; Corey, DP

doi:10.1073/pnas.74.6.2407

Cited by 631 publications

(350 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar asymmetry of the transducer current was observed in all cells with large current responses. The upward motion of BM toward scala vestibuli and the subsequent excitation of hair cells are consistent with the general assumption that BM movement toward scala vestibuli rotates the hair bundle in the direction of the tallest stereocilia and thus open transducer channels (Flock, 1965;Hudspeth and Corey, 1977;Kros et al, 1992).…”

Section: Input-output Functions Of Ihc Transducer Currentssupporting

confidence: 60%

Mechanoelectric Transduction of Adult Inner Hair Cells

Song¹,

Dallos

He³

2007

J. Neurosci.

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Inner hair cells (IHCs) are the true sensory receptors in the cochlea; they transmit auditory information to the brain. IHCs respond to basilar membrane (BM) vibration by producing a transducer current through mechanotransducer (MET) channels located at the tip of their stereocilia when these are deflected. The IHC MET current has not been measured from adult animals. We simultaneously recorded IHC transducer currents and BM motion in a gerbil hemicochlea to examine relationships between these two variables and their variation along the cochlear length. Results show that although maximum transducer currents of IHCs are uniform along the cochlea, their operating range is graded and is narrower in the base. The MET current displays adaptation, which along with response magnitude depends on extracellular calcium concentration. The rate of adaptation is invariant along the cochlear length. We introduce a new method of measuring adaptation using sinusoidal stimuli. There is a phase lead of IHC transducer currents relative to sinusoidal BM displacement, reflecting viscoelastic coupling of their cilia and their adaptation process.

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Section: Input-output Functions Of Ihc Transducer Currentssupporting

confidence: 60%

Mechanoelectric Transduction of Adult Inner Hair Cells

Song¹,

Dallos

He³

2007

J. Neurosci.

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“…The orientation of tip links along a column is in agreement with the idea that the tip links are involved in mechano-transduction, since the axis of bilateral symmetry of the cell also defines the cell's functional excitato~-in~bito~ axis in response to deflection of the stereocilia (Lowenstein and Wersall, 1959;Flock, 1965;Hudspeth and Corey, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…parallel to the line drawn between the kinocilium or its basal body and the centre of the hair bundle; Pickles et al, 1984;Comis et al, 1985). This axis also defines the direction for maximum sensitivity to deflection of the stereocilia during mechano-transduction (Lowenstein and Wersall, 1959;Flock, 1965;Hudspeth and Corey 1977). That relation forms important corroborative evidence for the hypothesis that tip links might be involved in mech~o-transduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The organization of tip links and stereocilia on hair cells of bird and lizard basilar papillae

et al. 1989

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Auditory papillae from three species of bird (pigeon, starling, and chick), and two species of European lizard (Podarcis murolis and Podarcis sic&) were examined by scanning electron microscopy.Hair bundles from all papillae showed tip links oriented along the direction of gradation in heights of the stereocilia (i.e. parallel to the hair-cell axis of bilateral symmetry, and so parallel to the excitato~-i~bito~ axis for m~hanotransduction). This orientation was seen irrespective of the overall orientation of the hair bundle within the papilla. The stereocilia formed columns, joined by the tip links, which ran parallel to the hair-cell axis of bilateral symmetry. The stereocilia within the same column tended to stay together, while those in different columns tended to separate during preparation, In many columns ail the stereocilia tended to be a little taller, or a little shorter, than the equivalent stereocilia in adjacent columns, suggesting that all the stereocilia within one column had been affected by a common height determinant during development.In addition, links running laterally between stereocilia were seen, in a band near the base of the stereocilia. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that tip links are a universal feature of rn~h~o-transducing acousticolateral hair cells, and that they are involved in sensory transduction.The results also support suggestions that the tip links may play a role in determining the heights of the stereocilia during development.

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“…There is near-universal agreement that electric potentials within Corti's organ are generated by stereocilia displacement (Flock, 1965;Hudspeth and Corey, 1977). In vitro measurements from hemicochlea preparations show that opening of mechanically sensitive ion channels occur when the organ of Corti is displaced toward scala vestibuli (at least at low stimulus frequencies) (von Békésy, 1951;He et al, 2004).…”

Section: Micromechanics Of the Organ Of Cortimentioning

confidence: 82%

Organ of Corti Potentials and the Motion of the Basilar Membrane

Fridberger¹,

Monvel²,

Zheng³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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During sound stimulation, receptor potentials are generated within the sensory hair cells of the cochlea. Prevailing theory states that outer hair cells use the potential-sensitive motor protein prestin to convert receptor potentials into fast alterations of cellular length or stiffness that boost hearing sensitivity almost 1000-fold. However, receptor potentials are attenuated by the filter formed by the capacitance and resistance of the membrane of the cell. This attenuation would limit cellular motility at high stimulus frequencies, rendering the above scheme ineffective. Therefore, Dallos and Evans (1995a) proposed that extracellular potential changes within the organ of Corti could drive cellular motor proteins. These extracellular potentials are not filtered by the membrane. To test this theory, both electric potentials inside the organ of Corti and basilar membrane vibration were measured in response to acoustic stimulation. Vibrations were measured at sites very close to those interrogated by the recording electrode using laser interferometry. Close comparison of the measured electrical and mechanical tuning curves and time waveforms and their phase relationships revealed that those extracellular potentials indeed could drive outer hair cell motors. However, to achieve the sharp frequency tuning that characterizes the basilar membrane, additional mechanical processing must occur inside the organ of Corti.

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Sensitivity, polarity, and conductance change in the response of vertebrate hair cells to controlled mechanical stimuli.

Cited by 631 publications

References 18 publications

Mechanoelectric Transduction of Adult Inner Hair Cells

Mechanoelectric Transduction of Adult Inner Hair Cells

The organization of tip links and stereocilia on hair cells of bird and lizard basilar papillae

Organ of Corti Potentials and the Motion of the Basilar Membrane

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