Sensitivity of the isotopologues of hydronium to variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio

Kozlov, M. G.; Porsev, S. G.; Reimers, D.

doi:10.1103/physreva.83.052123

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We conclude that hydronium has several mixed transitions with sensitivities of both signs and the maximum Q μ is around 10. Other isotopologues of hydronium have even higher sensitivities [79], but up to now they have not been observed in the interstellar medium.…”

Section: Hydronium and Peroxidementioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave and submillimeter molecular transitions and their dependence on fundamental constants

Kozlov

Levshakov

2013

Annalen der Physik

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Microwave and submillimeter molecular transition frequencies between nearly degenerated rotational levels, tunneling transitions, and mixed tunneling-rotational transitions show an extremely high sensitivity to the values of the finestructure constant, α, and the electron-to-proton mass ratio, μ. This review summarizes the theoretical background on quantum-mechanical calculations of the sensitivity coefficients of such transitions to tiny changes in α and μ for a number of molecules which are usually observed in Galactic and extragalactic sources, and discusses the possibility of testing the space-and time-invariance of fundamental constants through comparison between precise laboratory measurements of the molecular rest frequencies and their astronomical counterparts. In particular, diatomic radicals CH, OH, NH + , and a linear polyatomic radical C 3 H in electronic ground state, polyatomic molecules NH 3 , ND 3 , NH 2 D, NHD 2 , H 2 O 2 , H 3 O + , CH 3 OH, and CH 3 NH 2 in their tunneling and tunneling-rotational modes are considered. It is shown that sensitivity coefficients strongly depend on the quantum numbers of the corresponding transitions. This can be used for astrophysical tests of Einstein's Equivalence Principle all over the Universe at an unprecedented level of sensitivity of ∼10 −9 , which is a limit three to two orders of magnitude lower as compared to the current constraints on cosmological variations of α and μ: α/α < 10 −6 , μ/μ < 10 −7 .

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Section: Hydronium and Peroxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The examples of these two limiting cases are am- The action S depends on the tunneling mass, which in atomic units is proportional to μ −1 . Differentiating (30) over μ we get [78,79] …”

Section: Tunneling Modes In Polyatomic Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave and submillimeter molecular transitions and their dependence on fundamental constants

Kozlov

Levshakov

2013

Annalen der Physik

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“…Much theoretical effort has been dedicated to identifying such systems, with a general strategy being to locate accidental neardegeneracies within energy spectra. In this spirit, measurements have been proposed for multiply charged ions [14,15], diatomic [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and more complex [24][25][26][27] molecules, and even nuclei [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Note that "near-degeneracy" is a relative term here; for example, the ground and anomalously low-lying excited states of the 229 Th nucleus-being separated by an interval of 7.6 eV [35]-are nearly degenerate relative to the typical energy scale of nuclear excitation (> ∼ 10 keV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotational spectrum of the molecular ion NH+as a probe forαandme
Beloy
¹
,
Kozlov
²
,
Borschevsky
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
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We identify the molecular ion NH + as a potential candidate for probing variations in the fine-structure constant α and electron-to-proton mass ratio µ. NH + has an anomalously low-lying excited 4 − state, being only a few hundred cm −1 above the ground 2 state. Being a light molecule, this proximity is such that rotational levels of the respective states are highly intermixed for low angular momenta. We find that several low-frequency transitions within the collective rotational spectrum experience enhanced sensitivity to α and µ variation. This is attributable to the close proximity of the 2 and 4 − states, as well as the ensuing strong spin-orbit coupling between them. Suggestions that NH + may exist in interstellar space and recent predictions that trapped-ion precision spectroscopy will be adaptable to molecular ions make NH + a promising system for future astrophysical and laboratory studies of α and µ variation.

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“…In order to find µ-dependence of the constant F we can either do some model calculations for the tunneling mode 21,32 , or use experimental data for the deuterated species 18 . We use the latter approach here.…”

Section: B Determining µ-Dependence Of the Effective Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of tunneling–rotational transitions in ethylene glycol to variation of electron-to-proton mass ratio

Viatkina

Kozlov

2014

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy

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Ethylene glycol in its ground conformation has tunneling transition with the frequency about 7 GHz. This leads to a rather complicated tunneling-rotational spectrum. Because tunneling and rotational energies have different dependence on the electron-to-proton mass ratio µ, this spectrum is highly sensitive to the possible µ variation. We used simple 14 parameter effective Hamiltonian to calculate dimensionless sensitivity coefficients Q µ of the tunneling-rotational transitions and found that they lie in the range from −17 to +18. Ethylene glycol has been detected in the interstellar medium. All this makes it one of the most sensitive probes of µ variation at the large space and time scales.

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Sensitivity of the isotopologues of hydronium to variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Microwave and submillimeter molecular transitions and their dependence on fundamental constants

Microwave and submillimeter molecular transitions and their dependence on fundamental constants

Rotational spectrum of the molecular ion NH+as a probe forαandme
Beloy
¹
,
Kozlov
²
,
Borschevsky
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
Self Cite
31
0
22
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensitivity of tunneling–rotational transitions in ethylene glycol to variation of electron-to-proton mass ratio

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Sensitivity of the isotopologues of hydronium to variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Microwave and submillimeter molecular transitions and their dependence on fundamental constants

Microwave and submillimeter molecular transitions and their dependence on fundamental constants

Rotational spectrum of the molecular ion NH+as a probe forαandmeBeloy1, Kozlov2, Borschevsky3 et al. 2011Phys. Rev. ASelf Cite310220View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Sensitivity of tunneling–rotational transitions in ethylene glycol to variation of electron-to-proton mass ratio

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About

Rotational spectrum of the molecular ion NH+as a probe forαandme
Beloy
¹
,
Kozlov
²
,
Borschevsky
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
Self Cite
31
0
22
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite