Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring  storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 2 – Synthetic modeling

Perozzi, Lorenzo; Giroux, Bernard; Schmitt, Douglas R.; Gloaguen, Erwan

doi:10.1002/ghg.1670

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In a real situation however, one would need to further consider partial saturations, temperature, and changes in effective stress. The second part of this manuscript presents a synthetic vertical seismic profiling (VSP) modeling to investigate the feasibility of using seismic monitoring in such low porosity and low permeability environments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 1 – Laboratory measurements

et al. 2017

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Deployment of carbon capture and storage on a large scale poses many challenges. One is the availability of reservoirs with suitable characteristics (high porosity and permeability, matched large emitters, etc.). Such a challenge might lead to the selection of reservoirs with relatively low porosity. In those environments, the rock matrix is often stiff and questions arise regarding the capabilities of seismic methods to monitor CO 2 injection. In this paper, a series of ultrasonic measurements were performed under various pressure and temperature conditions to test the seismic response of two low‐porosity reservoir samples of the St Lawrence Lowlands sedimentary basin to different CO 2 phases. Results show that the P‐wave velocity and amplitude can be used to detect the phase transition. Illustrative modeling of seismic reflectivities within a hypothetical geological formation with physical properties equal to that of the St Lawrence Lowlands sedimentary basin, suggests that a CO 2 liquid‐water contact is a potentially good seismic reflector. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 1 – Laboratory measurements

et al. 2017

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Empirical rock physics relationships on carbonate dry-frame elastic properties

et al. 2021

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Laboratory tests were conducted to analyze the ultrasonic velocity response to the pressure change in dry carbonate rocks from the Weyburn oilfield, Canada. Twenty-four samples are from seven wells with helium porosities ranging from 1% to 29%. Thin-section images, SEM and mercury intrusion porosimetry were performed to show their inner structures and pore throat size distributions. P- and S-wave velocities (Vp and Vs) measurements were first done under hydrostatic loading and then while unloading, with confining pressures varying between 3 and 35 MPa. The results indicate that Vp and Vs in these samples follow a linear relation independent of the pressure change. The ratio Vp/Vs is more responsive to pressure change irrespective of the pore volume. One-third of the carbonate samples show abnormal Vp/Vs reduction with the increase in the effective pressure. The pressure dependence of velocities (PDV) of Weyburn carbonate rocks varies widely even for samples from the same formation with similar sedimentary history. Samples with loosely packed crystals and/or relatively large dominant pore diameter have higher PDV. The exponential empirical model V = $$A-C\text{e}^{DP_{\text{e}}}$$ A - C e D P e was tested; therein, V is the elastic wave velocity, Pe is the effective confining pressure, and A, C and D are the best fitting coefficients determined by curve fitting. The model gives good fits for most of the Weyburn carbonate samples. From a statistical point of view, there is no difference between the Vp- and Vs-derived exponential coefficient D.

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Effects of CO ₂ phase state on the seismological properties of porous materials: implications for seismic monitoring of volcanic hazards and sequestered carbon

Dávila¹,

Schmitt²

2023

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Time-lapse seismic monitoring is a key component in the geological sequestration of greenhouse gases. Currently, a lack of understanding of the influence of injected CO 2 on rocks’ geophysical signatures is reported. Using a novel ultrasonic experimental system, we measured the variations in the longitudinal (P) and transverse (S) elastic wave speeds of a CO 2 -saturated porous medium at different pressure and temperature conditions around the CO 2 critical point. The results show that both P- and S-wave speeds, corrected to seismic frequencies, decreased by more than 4.5% across the CO 2 gas to liquid and gas to supercritical states, primarily as a consequence of CO 2 density increase. This study provides a-20 firm basis for the use of seismological methods in monitoring sequestered CO 2 ; although the abruptness, and hence remote seismic detectability, depends on which phase boundary is crossed. Further, these measurements also allow us to compare observations to frequency-dependent wave propagation theory. The observed wave speeds mostly align with those calculated at 1 MHz using the Biot theory for both CO 2 and H 2 O saturated states. However, the observed and calculated wave speeds diverge above the phase transition in some of the tests, possibly due to the kinetics of the phase transition within a porous medium. As such, aside from the direct utility in providing information on the expected seismic responses, the CO 2 provides a highly tunable fluid that can be advantageous for experimental studies.

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Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 2 – Synthetic modeling

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 1 – Laboratory measurements

Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 1 – Laboratory measurements

Empirical rock physics relationships on carbonate dry-frame elastic properties

Effects of CO ₂ phase state on the seismological properties of porous materials: implications for seismic monitoring of volcanic hazards and sequestered carbon

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Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 2 – Synthetic modeling

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 1 – Laboratory measurements

Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 1 – Laboratory measurements

Empirical rock physics relationships on carbonate dry-frame elastic properties

Effects of CO 2 phase state on the seismological properties of porous materials: implications for seismic monitoring of volcanic hazards and sequestered carbon

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Product

Resources

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Effects of CO ₂ phase state on the seismological properties of porous materials: implications for seismic monitoring of volcanic hazards and sequestered carbon