Sensitivity of microbiota of bioaerosol and surfaces of boxes for holding animals in veterinary clinics to antimicrobial drugs

Abstract

The formation of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms in veterinary medicine clinics is considered a severe problem not only for veterinary medicine but also for the public because the circulating microflora contaminates the clinic's environment and the veterinary staff, patients' animals, their owners, and their homes. The work aimed to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from bioaerosol and the surfaces of boxes for keeping animals in veterinary clinics to antimicrobial drugs. Collection of washings from the inner surfaces of the boxes was carried out with the help of disposable sterile tampons of industrial production with an average area of 100 cm2. Identification of isolated microorganisms was carried out according to morphological, cultural, biochemical properties, and signs of pathogenicity, which are described in Bergey's identifier of bacteria. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was performed on the Muller-Hinton medium according to the classical Bauer-Kirbi disco-diffusion method. It was established that gram-positive bacteria isolated from bioaerosol and the surface of boxes for keeping sick animals in veterinary clinics were sensitive in 66.7–100 % of cases to antibiotics used in these clinics. At the same time, the high bactericidal activity of antimicrobial drugs of the groups: cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and nitrofurans was found. Since the sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumani, Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was from 80 to 100 % of the cultures tested. In addition, antibiotics of the penicillin series, macrolides, and azalides, practically did not act on these bacteria because they naturally resisted them. Therefore, to effectively use antimicrobial drugs to treat chronic infections, it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of the isolated microflora. Therefore, based on the study results, it can be concluded that in veterinary clinics, bioaerosols, and equipment, the pathogens of nosocomial infections of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs may circulate, provided that antibiotics are prescribed without determining their sensitivity to antibiotics.