Sensitivity of &lt;i&gt;Neonectria ditissima&lt;/i&gt; to carbendazim fungicide in New Zealand

Walter, Monika; Stevenson, O.D.; Amponsah, N.T.; Scheper, R.W.A.; McLachlan, Andrew

doi:10.30843/nzpp.2014.67.5743

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In contrast, a carbendazim autumntreatment was unsuccessful in disease control (Cooke et al 1993). Carbendazim use in autumn for European canker control is not recommended in New Zealand (Walter et al 2014), to minimise potential resistance development during the sexual reproduction of the pathogen (Swinburne 1975). Resistance of N. ditissima to carbendazim is possible (Weber & Palm 2010), but fortunately it has not yet been reported in New Zealand to date (Walter et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can biological products control Neonectria ditissima picking wound and leaf scar infections in apples?

Walter

Campbell

Amponsah³

et al. 2017

NZPP

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Neonectria ditissima is the causal agent of European canker in apple, and conidia infect wounds in apple trees. Several commercially available chemical fungicides and biological products (BPs) were tested for wound protection activity in three field experiments (2014—17). Freshly made wounds (rasp, picking, leaf and/or bud scar) were sprayed with the products at label rates. Wounds were challenge-inoculated with N. ditissima conidia after 24 hours and monitored monthly for lesion development. Only captan and copper oxide consistently protected wounds from infection and disease development in each experiment. The BPs tested in this study did not provide adequate wound protection when challenge-inoculated with N. ditissima at high concentration (>1000 spores/wound) so are not recommended for wound protection during harvest and leaf fall when disease pressure is high.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can biological products control Neonectria ditissima picking wound and leaf scar infections in apples?

Walter

Campbell

Amponsah³

et al. 2017

NZPP

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“…Leaf scars and other rough bark surfaces seem to offer an improved retention of captan as compared to leaf surfaces (Gaskin et al 2014). In the case of MBC fungicides, a reduced sensitivity of N. ditissima has been reported both from Northern Germany (Weber and Palm 2010) and New Zealand (Walter et al 2014), possibly indicating a shift towards resistance. This correlates with a low or unreliable performance of MBC fungicides in Northern German field trials (Palm 2009) and elsewhere (Cooke et al 1993), at least when used as autumn sprays.…”

Section: Chemical Control Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection biology as the basis of integrated control of apple canker (Neonectria ditissima) in Northern Europe

Weber

Børve

2021

CABI Agric Biosci

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Background European canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima, is a disease of worldwide importance in apple production, yet knowledge about it is limited, highly regional and sometimes contradictory. This is an obstacle to successful disease management. Key aspects for Northern Europe are reviewed, based on research results from Northern Germany and Norway and on international literature data. Main topics Trunk cankers developing on young trees within the first 1–3 seasons of explanting can often be traced back to latent infections initiated in the nurseries. The most important nursery infection is a lateral canker on the main trunk of ‘knip’ trees, which are the standard tree type in Northern Europe. In strongly affected batches, up to 25% of trees have to be uprooted after the first growing season due to such trunk cankers. The establishment and maintenance of healthy orchards requires clean nursery material, especially in the case of susceptible cultivars. In Northern Germany, infections within commercial orchards most often proceed through wounds caused by fruit picking or leaf fall in autumn, as shown by the appearance of cankers in the following spring and by the high efficacy of fungicide treatments at leaf fall. Ascospores, commonly thought to be relevant for long-distance spread of infections, are not released until the end of leaf fall even in wet autumn seasons in Northern Germany. Therefore, their role in the disease remains unclear. Strong nitrogen-induced vegetative growth favours apple canker. In field trials conducted under conditions of current commercial practices, autumnal sprays with copper hydroxide or copper oxide were consistently more efficacious than copper oxychloride or captan in preventing new infections. Conclusions Restricted fertilisation and other measures to curb excessive vegetative growth during the first few years of an orchard, repeated canker pruning and well-timed treatments with effective fungicides in autumn are essential for IPM of apple canker. Nonetheless, canker remains capable of severely impairing the commercial success of susceptible cultivars in regions with wet climates even if all available measures are taken. This opens up long-term perspectives for the breeding of more resistant cultivars.

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“…Plants were small (0.5 to 1 m tall), therefore only two 5-10 mm rasp wounds were created on the main stem, breaking the bark and cambium layers. One rasp wound was inoculated with a mycelial plug (5 mm diameter) from a 3-week-old single conidium isolate Ng47.1 (originally isolated from an apple tree) culture grown on potato dextrose agar (Walter et al 2014). The mycelium was facing the wound and the plug held in position using Parafilm M® (Bernis Company Inc.).…”

Section: Inoculation Of Ten Potential Host Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are shelter belts potential inoculum sources for Neonectria ditissima apple tree infections

Walter¹,

Glaister²,

Clarke³

et al. 2015

NZPP

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The susceptibility of plants around apple orchards to Neonectria ditissima infections in the Tasman region was determined during summer 2013/14 Shelter belt and other neighbouring plants (in the absence of shelter trees) surrounding 20 apple orchards (approximately 51 km shelter length) were identified and compared with known European canker hosts Onethird of all neighbouring plants identified were either species known to be European canker hosts or shared a genus with a known host Nine nonpomaceous plant species were selected for inoculation studies Two rasp wounds were created (July 2014) and one was inoculated with N ditissima conidia the other with mycelium Symptoms were recorded and the pathogen reisolated In February 2015 all symptomless inoculation sites were harvested to determine potential latent infections Neonectria ditissima was reisolated from 38 of inoculations including from symptomless inoculation sites The fungus could be reisolated from all species inoculated

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Sensitivity of <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> to carbendazim fungicide in New Zealand

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Can biological products control <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> picking wound and leaf scar infections in apples?

Can biological products control <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> picking wound and leaf scar infections in apples?

Infection biology as the basis of integrated control of apple canker (Neonectria ditissima) in Northern Europe

Are shelter belts potential inoculum sources for <i>Neonectria ditissima</i> apple tree infections

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