Sensitivity of IgG-ELISA for Detecting Airborne Pollen Antigens of Betulaceae

Similarity in seasonal appearance between atmospheric birch‐pollen grains and allergen in paucimicronic, size‐fractionated ambient aerosol

“…1 and 2), as found by other authors (14, 15). Still other authors, however, did find very big quantities of airborne birch‐pollen allergen outside the pollen season (7, 11, 12), both in the potentially pollen‐containing fraction and in the paucimicronic, pollen‐free‐size fraction of the ambient aerosol.…”

“…For grass‐pollen allergen, it has been shown (10) that the airborne quantities follow the fluctuations of the grass‐pollen grain concentrations during the season, with very little atmospheric presence of allergen after the season. Atmospheric appearance of substantial quantities of pollen allergen outside the main pollen season has been reported for ragweed (3), oak (4), and birch (7, 11, 12), although the relationship between birch‐pollen grains and allergen was evident in other studies (13–15).…”

Allerjenik Betula (Huş Ağacı) Polenlerinin Türkiye’deki Dağılımları

“…Betula ile ait olduğu Betulaceae familyası üyeleri (Alnus, Corylus, Carpinus, Ostrya) arasında ve Betulaceae ile Fagaceae (Quercus-meşe, Fagus-kayın, Castanea-kestane) familyası üyeleri arasında da çapraz reaksiyon görüldüğü birçok çalışmada rapor edilmiştir (106)(107)(108)(109)(110)(111)(112)(113)(114)(115)(116). Huş ağacı polenine duyarlı bireylerin %70'inden fazlasında bitkisel kaynaklı bazı gıda allerjilerinin de (Oral Allerji Sendromu) Betula polen duyarlılığına eşlik ettiği görülmektedir (117)(118)(119).…”

Birch pollen rupture and the release of aerosols of respirable allergens

“…Outdoor aeroallergens, such as pollen, are also believed to play a role in asthma exacerbations [3][4][5], but whole pollen grains are too large to penetrate into the lower airways where asthmatic reactions originate [6]. Birch pollen allergens have been recorded in aerosol fractions smaller than pollen grains even when no birch pollen grains are present [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The concentration of these small allergenic particles increases after rainfall [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

“…Birch pollen allergens have been recorded in aerosol fractions smaller than pollen grains even when no birch pollen grains are present [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The concentration of these small allergenic particles increases after rainfall [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Unlike whole pollen grains, these allergenloaded particles are small enough to enter the human airways where they would have the potential to cause asthmatic responses in susceptible people [6,17,18].…”