Sensitivity of Bacterioplankton to Environmental Disturbance: A Review of Baltic Sea Field Studies and Experiments

Lindh, Markus V.; Pinhassi, Jarone

doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00361

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…Structural changes to bacterial communities and metabolism could consequently have profound effects on the fate and cycling of carbon within planktonic food webs. Our results link microbial community structure and function in the Baltic Sea to ongoing shifts in the phytoplankton community structure (Lindh and Pinhassi 2018). The data suggest that specific diatoms release high-quality DOM that enhances the growth of copiotrophic bacteria with high production rates, in turn favoring the recycling of carbon through the microbial loop.…”

Section: Links Between Bacterial Community Composition and Ecosystem Functioningmentioning

confidence: 70%

Bacterioplankton dynamics driven by interannual and spatial variation in diatom and dinoflagellate spring bloom communities in the Baltic Sea

Camarena-Gómez

Ruiz‐González

Piiparinen

et al. 2020

Limnology & Oceanography

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In parts of the Baltic Sea, the phytoplankton spring bloom communities, commonly dominated by diatoms, are shifting toward the co-occurrence of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Although phytoplankton are known to shape the composition and function of associated bacterioplankton communities, the potential bacterial responses to such a decrease of diatoms are unknown. Here we explored the changes in bacterial communities and heterotrophic production during the spring bloom in four consecutive spring blooms across several sub-basins of the Baltic Sea and related them to changes in environmental variables and in phytoplankton community structure. The taxonomic structure of bacterioplankton assemblages was partially explained by salinity and temperature but also linked to the phytoplankton community. Higher carbon biomass of the diatoms Achnanthes taeniata, Skeletonema marinoi, Thalassiosira levanderi, and Chaetoceros spp. was associated with more diverse bacterial communities dominated by copiotrophic bacteria (Flavobacteriia, Gammaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria) and higher bacterial production. During dinoflagellate dominance, bacterial production was low and bacterial communities were dominated by Alphaproteobacteria, mainly SAR11. Our results suggest that increases in dinoflagellate abundance during the spring bloom will largely affect the structuring and functioning of the associated bacterial communities. This could decrease pelagic remineralization of organic matter and possibly affect the bacterial grazers communities.

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Section: Links Between Bacterial Community Composition and Ecosystem Functioningmentioning

confidence: 70%

Bacterioplankton dynamics driven by interannual and spatial variation in diatom and dinoflagellate spring bloom communities in the Baltic Sea

Camarena-Gómez

Ruiz‐González

Piiparinen

et al. 2020

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Similar bacterial responses were observed in a mesocosm study, where the growth of diatoms resulted in higher bacterial production and higher dominance of Flavobacteriia, Gammaproteobacteria and Cytophagia than in the presence of dinoflagellates 23 . The robustness of the observed patterns in our study, linking BCC and functioning, are essential in microbial ecology since the studies that explore these relationship are scarce in the Baltic Sea 63 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Bacterioplankton dynamics driven by inter-annual variation in phytoplankton spring bloom communities in the Baltic Sea

Gomez

Ruiz‐González

Piiparinen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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26In the Baltic Sea, climate change has caused shifts in the phytoplankton spring bloom 27 communities with co-occurrence of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Such changes likely affect the 28 composition and function of associated bacterioplankton, key members of the carbon cycling, 29 although the actual effects are unknown. To understand how changes in phytoplankton impact 30 on bacterioplankton composition and function, we analysed bacterioplankton communities and 31 their production during different phases of the spring bloom in four consecutive years across 32 the Baltic Sea, and related them to environmental variables. Phytoplankton communities varied 33 largely in composition, modifying the taxonomic structure and richness of the associated 34 bacterioplankton assemblages. In presence of certain diatoms (Achnanthes taeniata, 35 Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros spp.), bacterial production and diversity were high and 36 with more relative abundance of Flavobacteriia, Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria. 37This bacterial community structure correlated positively with high diatom biomass and with 38 high bacterial production rates. In contrast, during dinoflagellate-dominated blooms or when 39 the diatom Thalassiosira baltica was abundant, both bacterial production rates and diversity 40 were low, with bacterial communities dominated by SAR11 and Rhodobacteraceae. Our results 41 demonstrate that, changes in the phytoplankton spring bloom will have profound consequences 42 on bacterial community structure and their role in carbon cycling. 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51The Baltic Sea is suffering from a progressive increase in surface water temperature, which has 52 been suggested to alter the food web structure, favoring small flagellates and dinoflagellates 1 . 53During the last decades, shifting phytoplankton spring bloom communities from diatom-54 dominated blooms towards higher abundances of dinoflagellates have been reported in some 55 subbasins of the Baltic Sea 2-4 , likely due to the increase in frequency of milder winters 1,5 . 56However, the consequences of these changes in spring blooms on the structure and functioning 57 of the associated bacterioplankton communities are still poorly understood. 58The nature and the timing of the spring bloom in the Baltic Sea vary between sub-basins 6 . 59The bloom typically starts with the light promoting net primary production in the southernmost 60 Baltic Sea in February/March, reaching the Gulf of Finland in April, and the Gulf of Bothnia 61 in May (Map in Fig. 1). The bloom reaches the peak at the time when inorganic nutrients have 62 been depleted; N-limitation prevails in most of the Baltic Sea except for the P-limited Bay of 63 Bothnia 7-9 . The subsequent decline phase is characterized by rapid sinking of the 64 phytoplankton cells 10 . 65 Diatoms and dinoflagellates have different ecological features, as diatoms grow faster than 66 co-occurring dinoflagellates 11 , they also differ in terms of quality and quantity of dissolved 67 organic matter (...

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“…The effect of disturbances on the composition and function of communities can be addressed in terms of resistance, recovery and resilience, where resistance is defined as the insensitivity to a disturbance and recovery and resilience (more specifically engineering resilience) as the degree and rate of recovery after a disturbance 5 . Previous reviews of the literature have shown that microbial communities are mostly not resistant, instead they often change in composition and function in response to disturbances 5 – 8 . In contrast, recovery and resilience are still rarely studied, so it remains unclear under which circumstances and at which rates compositional recovery occurs in microbial communities 5 , 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reviews of the literature have shown that microbial communities are mostly not resistant, instead they often change in composition and function in response to disturbances 5 – 8 . In contrast, recovery and resilience are still rarely studied, so it remains unclear under which circumstances and at which rates compositional recovery occurs in microbial communities 5 , 8 . Changes in community composition following a disturbance may also underlie changes in ecological function, although this relationship is not well understood 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance history can increase functional stability in the face of both repeated disturbances of the same type and novel disturbances

Renes

Sjöstedt

Fetzer

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Climate change is expected to increase the incidences of extremes in environmental conditions. To investigate how repeated disturbances affect microbial ecosystem resistance, natural lake bacterioplankton communities were subjected to repeated temperature disturbances of two intensities (25 °C and 35 °C), and subsequently to an acidification event. We measured functional parameters (bacterial production, abundance, extracellular enzyme activities) and community composition parameters (richness, evenness, niche width) and found that, compared to undisturbed control communities, the 35 °C treatment was strongly affected in all parameters, while the 25 °C treatment did not significantly differ from the control. Interestingly, exposure to multiple temperature disturbances caused gradually increasing stability in the 35 °C treatment in some parameters, while others parameters showed the opposite, indicating that the choice of parameters can strongly affect the outcome of a study. The acidification event did not lead to stronger changes in community structure, but functional resistance of bacterial production towards acidification in the 35 °C treatments increased. This indicates that functional resistance in response to a novel disturbance can be increased by previous exposure to another disturbance, suggesting similarity in stress tolerance mechanisms for both disturbances. These results highlight the need for understanding function-and disturbance-specific responses, since general responses are likely to be unpredictable. Microbial communities perform essential functions in different ecosystems, including decomposition, primary production and nitrogen fixation 1-3. Since natural communities undergo regular disturbances, and the incidences of extremes in environmental conditions are expected to increase as climate change becomes more severe 4 , it is essential to investigate how more frequent pulse disturbances affect the ability of microbial communities to cope with a changing environment in order to maintain essential ecosystem services. The effect of disturbances on the composition and function of communities can be addressed in terms of resistance, recovery and resilience, where resistance is defined as the insensitivity to a disturbance and recovery and resilience (more specifically engineering resilience) as the degree and rate of recovery after a disturbance 5. Previous reviews of the literature have shown that microbial communities are mostly not resistant, instead they often change in composition and function in response to disturbances 5-8. In contrast, recovery and resilience are still rarely studied, so it remains unclear under which circumstances and at which rates compositional recovery occurs in microbial communities 5,8. Changes in community composition following a disturbance may also underlie changes in ecological function, although this relationship is not well understood 9. Often, communities undergo changes in composition without concomitant functional changes being found, which might be related

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Sensitivity of Bacterioplankton to Environmental Disturbance: A Review of Baltic Sea Field Studies and Experiments

Cited by 33 publications

References 141 publications

Bacterioplankton dynamics driven by interannual and spatial variation in diatom and dinoflagellate spring bloom communities in the Baltic Sea

Bacterioplankton dynamics driven by interannual and spatial variation in diatom and dinoflagellate spring bloom communities in the Baltic Sea

Bacterioplankton dynamics driven by inter-annual variation in phytoplankton spring bloom communities in the Baltic Sea

Disturbance history can increase functional stability in the face of both repeated disturbances of the same type and novel disturbances

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