Sensitivity and specificity of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for <i>DSM‐5</i> in a Canadian psychiatric outpatient sample

Boyd, Jenna E.; Cameron, Duncan H.; Shnaider, Philippe; McCabe, Randi E.; Rowa, Karen

doi:10.1002/jts.22753

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Our four-factor model aligns with the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) (37) and the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD (MCCP) (38), which similarly categorize PTSD into four dimensions (39). This correspondence, however, diverges from the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) (40) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (34), which include a fifth Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci.…”

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confidence: 60%

Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Razavi,

Haji Alizadeh,

Amirfakhraei

2024

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: Iranian youth encounter numerous stressors, including accidents, suicide, and unemployment, heightening their risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It's crucial to assess, diagnose, and treat PTSD in this demographic. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the factor structure and validate the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale (PTSS). Methods: A cross-sectional approach was employed for the validation of the PTSS in Bandar Abbas, 2022, with a sample of 901 young residents selected via random cluster sampling. Data were gathered using the PTSS and the Mississippi Scale for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (MSPSS). Validation of the scale encompassed content validity, concurrent validity, and factor analysis. Reliability assessments included internal consistency, test-retest, and split-half reliability. The optimal cut-off point was identified through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the Youden Index. Results: The PTSS demonstrated robust face and content validity, evidenced by impact factor (1.6 < impact factor < 3.6), content validity ratio (CVR = 0.68 to 0.91), and Content Validity Index (CVI = 0.70 to 0.94). The PTSS's concurrent validity with the MSPSS was positively strong (r = 0.64, P < 0.001). Factor analyses, both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA), substantiated a four-factor model of the PTSS, accounting for 56.288% of the variance (19% for arousal and reactivity, 14% for negative alterations in cognitions and mood, 11% for avoidance, and 11% for intrusion). The scale's overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.87, with subscales ranging from 0.77 to 0.88. Test-retest reliability stood at 0.81 (P < 0.01), and split-half reliability at 0.81. The PTSS's optimal cut-off for PTSD diagnosis was 60, delivering a sensitivity of 0.70, specificity of 0.99, and Youden Index of 0.69. Conclusions: The PTSS proves to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing posttraumatic stress symptoms among young Iranians, offering a useful resource for researchers and practitioners in the prevention and treatment of PTSD.

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confidence: 60%

Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Razavi,

Haji Alizadeh,

Amirfakhraei

2024

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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“…For the Chinese version of the PCL-5, a cutoff point of 37 was the one that had the best predictive values (Youden index J = 0.979). According to previous studies, the cutoff scores of PCL-5 was suggested ranging from 25 to 45 [5,6,[61][62][63][64] in different populations. Our indicated value of 37 was average compared to these studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in Chinese stroke patients

et al. 2023

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Background Stroke is a devastating disease and can be sufficiently traumatic to induce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Post-stroke PTSD is attracting increasing attention, but there was no study assessing the psychometric properties of the PCL-5 in stroke populations. Our study was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in Chinese stroke patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at our hospital. Three hundred and forty-eight Chinese stroke patients came to our hospital for outpatient service were recruited. They were instructed to complete the PCL-5 scales and were interviewed for PTSD diagnosis with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). The cutoff scores, reliability and validity of the PCL-5 were analyzed. Results PCL-5 scores in our sample were positively skewed, suggesting low levels of PTSD symptoms. The reliability of PCL-5 was good. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated acceptable construct validity, and confirmed the multi-dimensionality of the PCL-5. By CFA analysis, the seven-factor hybrid model demonstrated the best model fit. The PCL-5 also showed good convergent validity and discriminant validity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed a PCL-5 score of 37 achieved optimal sensitivity and specificity for detecting PTSD. Conclusions Our findings supported the use of PCL-5 as a psychometrically adequate measure of post-stroke PTSD in the Chinese patients.

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The Spectrum of Response Bias in Trauma Reports: Overreporting, Underreporting, and Mixed Presentation

Boskovic,

Giromini,

Katsouri

et al. 2024

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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Typically, research on response bias in symptom reports covers two extreme ends of the spectrum: overreporting and underreporting. Yet, little is known about symptom presentation that includes both types of response bias simultaneously (i.e., mixed presentation). We experimentally checked how overreporting, underreporting, and mixed reporting reflect in trauma symptom reports. Undergraduate students (N = 151) were randomly allocated to one of four conditions: control group (n = 40), overreporting (n = 37), underreporting (n = 36), or a mixed reporting (n = 38) group. The control group was asked to be honest, whereas the simulation groups received instructions they were expected to be able to relate to. Participants were administered a PTSD checklist, the Supernormality Scale-Revised, which screens for symptom denial, and the Inventory of Problems-29, which gauges overreporting. For all three measures, group differences were significant (F(3, 147) > 13.78, ps < . 001, ɳ2 > .22), with the overreporting group exhibiting the most severe symptom presentation and the underreporting group endorsing the fewest symptoms, while the mixed group almost perfectly imitated the results of the control group on all measures. Thus, instructing individuals to strategically exhibit both overreporting, to a functional degree, and underreporting results in a symptom presentation that is relatively similar to genuine performance. To optimize accuracy statistics, researchers might want to consider including such mixed group condition in future simulation studies.

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Sensitivity and specificity of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM‐5 in a Canadian psychiatric outpatient sample

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Psychometric properties of the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in Chinese stroke patients

The Spectrum of Response Bias in Trauma Reports: Overreporting, Underreporting, and Mixed Presentation

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